10. Digestive System 1 Flashcards
This part of the stomach has pits and glands which occupy roughly equal portions.
pylorus
This type of epithelium lines the esophagus
nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium
Taste buds consists of a pore on the surface with what 3 cells?
- Sensory
- Supporting
- Basal
Large folds in the mucosa of the small bowel are called what?
villi
Surrounding the anal canal are 2 sphincters. The internal spincter is of _________ muscle; external spincter is made of ___________muscle
Internal = smooth muscle External = striated muscle
4 functional divisions of digestive tract?
- Oral cavity
- Simple passages
- Digestive tract proper
- Related organs
Where are Brunner’s glands located
Duodenum - mainly submucosa, some in lamina propria
What are the large intralobular ducts called in the salivary glands.
Striated ducts
Difference between plicae vs villus?
Plicae - involves mucosa AND submucosa
Villus - only involves mucosa
Lymphoid aggregates of the pharynx
Palatine tonsils
This is the name for glands found between villi in the small intestine.
crypts of lieberkuhn (intestinal glands)
These stomach cells have a basophilic cytoplasm and secrete pepsin
chief cells
Area of stomach where most of the gastric juice is made
Fundus and body last 2/3 of muscosa (i.e. where the glands are located)
Large bowel divided into what 3 parts
- Cecum
- Sigmoid
- Rectum
2 types of glands in submucosa and where they are found?
Superficial mucous glands - entrance and exit from esophagus
Submucosal glands - found throughout middle of esophagus
This part of the stomach has pits which occupy roughly one third of the thickness of the mucosa while the glands occupy rougly two thirds.
Body
This is the final portion of the stomach
pylorus
________ are the prominent folds in the stomach when it’s empty
Rugae
Type of muscle found in the upper, middle, and end of muscularis propria of esophagus
Upper = skeletal Middle = skeletal + smooth End = Smooth
Unique, dark-staining cells at the base of glands that produce antimicrobials (e.g. lysozyme)
Paneth cells
3 ways SI increases surface area
- Plicae (submucosa, mucosa)
- Villi (muscosa)
- Brush border
Epithelium of oral cavity?
Non-keratinized, stratified, squamous epithelium
Which outer layer?
- Organs free in perotoneum
- Covered w/ mesothelium
Serosa
These papillae are mushroom shaped
fungiform
This salivary gland is mixed seromucous
Submandibular
Where is the cardiac sphincter found?
Gastroesophageal junction
Gastroesophageal junction has an abrupt transition from _________ epithelium to _______ epithelium
stratified squamous to columnar
Dark staining cells found in the glands of the SI?
Paneth cells
4 histologic layers of GI tract?
- mucosa
- submucosa
- muscularis propria/externa
- adventitia/serosa
What is found on the back 1/3 of the tongue? Front 2/3?
Back - raised lymphoid tissue
Front - raised papillae
Mucosa and submucosa are folded into __________
plicae circularis
Tubular glands at the base of villi?
Crypts of Lieberkuhn (intestinal glands)
Which organ is characterized by straight tubular glands and the absence of villi?
colon
Unique aspect of the muscularis propria only seen in the esophagus
Muscles are not exclusively smooth muscle (skeletal at upper part)
this salivary gland is entirely serous
parotid
Where are Meissner’s plexus found? Auerbach’s plexus?
Meissner’s - submucosa
Auerbach’s - muscularis propria
Central lymphatic of a villus?
Lacteal
These glands identify the duodenum
Brunner’s glands
Which outer layer?
- Organs are attached to surrounding tissues
- LACK mesothelium
Adventitia
These pale, eosinophilic stomach cells secrete HCl
parietal cells
These papillae divide the anterior and posterior parts of the tongue
circumvallate
Type of muscle, type connective tissue, type of glands found in base of tongue?
- Skeletal muscle (multiple directions)
- Dense connective tissue
- Seromucous glands
This links the pharynx to the stomach
Esophagus
Name of autonomic ganglia found in muscularis propria of GI tract?
Auerbach’s plexus
This is the first anatomic division of the stomach.
cardia
What is the first part of the ductal system called in the salivary gland?
intercalated ducts
4 anatomic regions of stomach
Cardia
Fundus
Body
Pylorus
Epithelium of the top of the tongue?
Thicker, KERATINIZED stratified squamous
Surface cell with microvilli
Enterocyte
This salivary gland is almost entirely mucous.
sublingual
The prominent folds of mucosa in the anal canal are called __________
anal columns
Which part of the GI tract has:
- no plicae/villi
- abundant goblet cells
- straight tubular glands
- more crypts
Large intestine
3 simple passage organs?
- Pharynx
- Esophagus
- Anal canal
The 2 tongue papilla WITH taste buds?
Fugiform papilla
Circumvallate papilla
What are large folds of the submucosa in the small bowel called?
Plicae circularis
What do each of the upper and lower divisions of the GI tract consist of?
Upper: mouth to esophagus
Lower: stomach to anus