Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Anatomy > 3. Cells > Flashcards

3. Cells Flashcards

1
Q

A ____ junction is the seal between cells

A

tight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

A ____ junction deals with the movement of ions

A

gap

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

The ____ ER is studded with ribosomes, which are the site of protein synthesis

A

Rough

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

The ____ ER synthesizes phospholipids, steroid hormone, regulates concentration of cellular Ca++, and breaks down certain. toxins

A

Smooth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

The ____ manipulates products from the Rough ER, and also produces organelles called ____

A

Golgi Apparatus; Lysosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

____ are the only organelle that are not membranous

A

Ribosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

A ____ is a vesicle of a digestive enzyme that allows the cell to decompose larger particles of food into smaller molecules so that they can be utilized by the cells synthesis

A

Lysosome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Programmed cell death is also called ____

A

Apoptosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

____ are membrane-bound organelles that contain an abundance of enzymes for detoxifying harmful substances and lipid metabolism

A

Peroxisome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

The cytoskeleton consists of:

A
  1. Microtubules
  2. Microfilaments
  3. Intermediate filaments
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The ____ plays an important role in maintaining cell shape and structure, promoting cellular movement and aiding in cell division

A

Cytoskeleton

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

A ____ is a microtubule assembly area

A

centriole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

A ____ plasma membrane protein allows specific substances to move through

A

Channel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

A ____ plasma membrane protein transports specific substances across membrane by changing shape and using energy

A

Transporter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

A ____ plasma membrane protein recognizes specific ligand and alter cell’s function in some way. (Lock and key)

A

Receptor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

A ____ anchors filaments inside and outside to plasma membrane. It provides stability and shape for the cell and it can aid in cell movement

A

Linker

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Channel proteins are ____ than carrier proteins

A

less selective

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

In ____, which is relatively nonselective, the cell takes in a large particle

A

Phagocytosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

In ____, the cell takes in small particles in fluid

A

Pintocytosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

In ____, which is quite selective, when external receptors bind a specific ligand, the cell responds by endocytosing the ligand

A

Receptor-mediated endocytosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

In ____, material destined for export is packaged into a vesicle inside the cell. The membrane of the vesicle fuses with the cell membrane, and the contents are released into the extracellular space

A

Exocytosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Molecules that cannot cross the plasma membrane on their own can do so by binding to a ____ to facilitate diffusion

A

Carrier Molecule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

____ is diffusion of a fluid through a semipermeable membrane

A

Osmosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Active Transport is movement from an area of ____ concentration to a ____ concentration

A

lesser; greater

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
In Active Transport, ____ is required | (Ex. Sodium pump)
energy
26
The rate of diffusion can be increased by:
1. A greater concentration differnces between the areas 2. A smaller molecular weight 3. A greater cross-section of the diffusion pathway 4. A higher temperature (due to an increases molecular motility)
27
Red blood cells in a Isotonic solution will have a ____ shape
normal
28
Red blood cells in a hypotonic solution will undergo \_\_\_\_
hemolysis
29
Red blood cells in a hypertonic solution will undergo \_\_\_\_
crenation
30
Strands of DNA are wrapped around supporting \_\_\_\_
histones
31
The DNA double helix is composed of two complementary strands. The strands are bonded together via their nitrogenous base pairs using ____ bonds
hydrogen
32
DNA replication is said to be \_\_\_\_
semiconservative
33
The two major phases of the cell cycle include ____ and \_\_\_\_
mitosis; interphase
34
Interphase can be divided into \_\_\_\_, \_\_\_\_, and ____ phases
G1, S, G2
35
\_\_\_\_ and ____ control whether or not the cell is prepared to move onto the next stage in the cell cycle
Cyclins; Kinases
36
Kinases add ____ to molecules
phosphorus
37
In \_\_\_\_, 1. Chromosomes condense and become visible 2. Spindle fibers emerge from the centromeres 3. Nuclear envelope breaks down 4. Centrosomes move toward opposite poles
Prophase
38
In ____ 1. Chromosomes are lined up at the metaphase plate 2. Each sister chromatid is attached to a spindle fiber originating from opposite poles
Metaphase
39
In ____ 1. Centrosomes split in two 2. Sister chromatids are pulled toward opposite poles 3. Certain spindle fibers begin to elongate the cell - Kinetochore - Polar - Astral
Anaphase
40
In ____ 1. Chromosomes arrive at opposite poles and begin to decondense 2. Nuclear envelope material surrounds each set of chromosomes 3. The mitotic spindle breaks down 4. Spindle fibers continue to push poles apart
Telophase
41
Prophase
42
Metaphase
43
Anaphase
44
Telophase
45
\_\_\_\_ RNA forms the protein assembly area in the cell
Ribosomal (r-RNA)
46
\_\_\_\_ RNA is generated in the nucleus when the genetic code for the protein is copied by RNA from the nicleolus
Messenger (mRNA)
47
\_\_\_\_ RNA carries amino acids in the cytoplasm and plugs into mRNA code on the ribosome to plaxe amino acids into the particular order or sequence to make the protein
Transfer (tRNA)
48
The ribosome is a ____ subunut structure. It is made up of a ____ and ____ subunit.
2; Large; Small
49
The fluid mosaic model is a concept which relates specifically to the structure of the \_\_\_\_
Cell membrane
50
The protein which wraps around DNA to. form a material called ____ is called \_\_\_\_
Chromatin; histone
51
Gap junctions are important in \_\_\_\_
cardiac muscle
52
\_\_\_\_ hold digestive enzymes
Lysosomes
53
\_\_\_\_ = Lipid Synthesis
Smooth ER
54
\_\_\_\_ = Vesicle Transprort
Cytoskeleton
55
\_\_\_\_ increase bsorptive area
Microvilli
56
Organelles known as ____ are found in large numbers in liver cells and serve to detoxify products of cellular respiration
Peroxisomes
57
Microfilaments known as ____ help maintain and give shape to the cell
actin tubules
58
Placing red blood cells in a saline solution of 6% would most likely
induce crenation
59
In the S stage of interphase, DNA polymerase would
Cause formation of covalent bonds between nucleotides
60
Condensation of chromatin into chromosomes occurs in
Prophase
61
Cyclins are important because they...
increase the activity of kinases
62
\_\_\_\_ are the three base sequences on mRNA that direct amino acid position in proteins
Codons

Anatomy (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions