3 Antibody Diversity and B Cell Development

Question 1

What is a B cells purpose?

Answer 1

Make antibodies

Question 2

Where are B cells made?

Answer 2

Bone Marrow

Question 3

What is the terminal B cell differential cell that makes antibodies?

Answer 3

Plasma Cell

Question 4

What is the long lived antigen specific cell ready to become an antibody producing cell?

Answer 4

Memory B Cell

Question 5

What process in somatic recombination does not rely on antigen?

Answer 5

Somatic Recombination: Heavy and Light Chain Rearrangement

Question 6

How is diversity in the B cell repertoire created?

Answer 6

Different gene splicing
Imprecise protein joining
Different protein pairing

Question 7

What are light chain genes?

Answer 7

Kappa

Lambda

Question 8

What chromosome is Kappa light chain gene found on?

Answer 8

Chromosome 2

Question 9

What chromosome is Lambda light chain gene found on?

Answer 9

Chromosome 22

Question 10

What regions do each Kappa and Lambda gene have?

Answer 10

V, J, Constant regions

Question 11

What regions do heavy chain genes have?

Answer 11

V,D,J, C regions

Question 12

How many heavy chain Constant gene alleles are there?

Answer 12

9, one for each Ig type

Question 13

What brings the V,D, and J segments together?

Answer 13

DNA splicing

Question 14

What brings the C region onto the VDJ or VJ segments?

Answer 14

RNA splicing

Question 15

What do leader sequences do?

Answer 15

Direct Ig to:
Secrete
Membrane

Question 16

How many alleles of each chain sub type are expressed?

Answer 16

Only 1, or the cell dies

Question 17

What parts of B cell diversity creation are antigen dependent?

Answer 17

Somatic Hypermutation

Class Switching

Question 18

Where does Somatic Hypermutation occur?

Answer 18

Secondary lymph

Question 19

What does Somatic Hypermutation do?

Answer 19

Creates Affinity Maturation

Question 20

What B cell undergoes Somatic Hypermutation and Class Switching?

Answer 20

Activated B cell

Question 21

What are CDRs?

Answer 21

Complementary determining regions (hypervariable adaptive regions of Somatic Hypermutation Igs)

Question 22

What B cell function relies on Helper T cells to occur?

Answer 22

Class Switching

Question 23

What gene segment changes in class switching?

Answer 23

Constant (
* Vh exon associates with Ch genes to change the type of Constant region that will get expressed. This changes the type of Ig that is made.)

Question 24

What Ig is made in every cell initially?

Answer 24

IgM

Question 25

What Class Switch cannot occur?

Answer 25

IgM to IgD

Question 26

What regions occur between V and C regions to allow class switching?

Answer 26

Switch regions

Question 27

What enzyme allows class swithcing inside the DNA of B cells?

Answer 27

Switch recombinase

Question 28

What cells do B cells depend on to live and grow?

Answer 28

Stromal Cells

Question 29

Where do stromal cells live?

Answer 29

Bone Marrow

Question 30

What is the overview of B cell development?

Answer 30

1. Pro B cell 2. Pre B cell 3. Immature B cell 4. Mature B cell

Question 31

What is indicative of early Pro B cells?

Answer 31

DJ gene rearrangement

Question 32

What is indicative of late Pro B cells?

Answer 32

V-DJ gene rearrangement

Question 33

What is indicative of early Pre B cells?

Answer 33

m-chain expressed on surface

Question 34

What is indicative of late Pre B cells?

Answer 34

V-J rearrangement

Question 35

What is indicative of Immature B cells?

Answer 35

Clonal deletion of: Anergics Self Recognizers

Question 36

What is indicative of Mature B cells?

Answer 36

Surface expression of: IgM IgD

Question 37

What occurs if Mature B cells do not present IgM or IgD?

Answer 37

Apoptosis via CD8

Question 38

What gene product allows double strand dna break and somatic recombination?

Answer 38

RAG 1 | RAG 2

Question 39

What enzyme allows the addition of N nucleotides at the junction of rearranged gene segments?

Answer 39

TdT

Question 40

What is involved in surface receptor signal transduction? What disease does this lead to?

Answer 40

Bruton's thymidine kinase (Btk) | X linked agammaglobulinemia

Question 41

What enzyme allows class switching?

Answer 41

switch recombinase

Question 42

What 3 things create self selection of B cells?

Answer 42

1. self recognition of surface molecules 2. self recognition of soluble molecules 3. inability to bind antigen

Question 43

What is vital to maturation of B cells?

Answer 43

Antigen!

Question 44

What do B cells present to CD4?

Answer 44

MHC II : Antigen complex

Question 45

What signal does CD4 send back to B cells to feedback for differentiation?

Answer 45

CD40L

Question 46

What is the difference between membrane-bound Ab and secreted Ab?

Answer 46

Membrane is: Monomeric Transmembrane domain

Question 47

Secretory and Membrane bound Ab pathways are allowed by:

Answer 47

RNA processing