3/12 self-esteem

Question 1

how do emotions differ from moods?

Answer 1

longer, does not need a contextual stimulus, more intense than a mood

Question 2

what does emotional development start off as?

Answer 2

attraction to pleasant stimulus and withdrawl from unpleasant stimulus

Question 3

happiness at birth

Answer 3

smile

Question 4

happiness at 6-10 weeks

Answer 4

social smile

Question 5

happiness at 3-4 months

Answer 5

laughter

Question 6

anger at birth

Answer 6

general distress

Question 7

anger at 18-24 months

Answer 7

anger increases in frequency and intensity

Question 8

sadness in 2-7 months

Answer 8

distress and withdrawl to “still face”

Question 9

fear at 6-8 months

Answer 9

first fears and stranger anxiety

Question 10

fear at 8-12 months

Answer 10

separaton anxiety

Question 11

recognizing others’ facial expressions age

Answer 11

4-5 months

impairments due to environmental deprivation

Question 12

social referencing

Answer 12

actively seeking emotional information from a trusted person in an uncertain situation

Question 13

social referecing age

Answer 13

7-8 months

Question 14

self conscious emotions

Answer 14

guilt, shame, embarrassment, pride, envy

Question 15

self conscious emotions age

Answer 15

18-24 months

Question 16

why do self conscious emotions emerge later?

Answer 16

they require self-awareness

Question 17

pride and envy age

Answer 17

2 years

Question 18

emotional regulation

Answer 18

strategies used to adjust our emotional state to a comfortable level so that we can accomplish our goals

Question 19

egocentrism

Answer 19

heightened thoughts about oneself and others’ perceptions

Question 20

personal fable

Answer 20

“this only happens to me”
“i am invincible and will lead a heroic life”

Question 21

foreclosure (indentity)

Answer 21

adults decide the teens’ identity and they follow it

Question 22

moratorium (indentity)

Answer 22

exploring different indentities without committing to one fully yet

Question 23

confusion (indentity)

Answer 23

adolescent neither explores nor commits to any identity status

Question 24

achievement (indentity)

Answer 24

having found one’s true self

Question 25

depression in adolescence percentage

Answer 25

15-20%, twice as many boys as girls

Question 26

self esteem

Answer 26

how we value and perceive ourselves

Question 27

components of self-esttem over time

Answer 27

become more differentiated

Question 28

preschool self-esteem

Answer 28

highest

Question 29

school age self-esteem

Answer 29

experience a drop

Question 30

end of elementary self-esteem

Answer 30

stabilizes

Question 31

entering middle school self-esteem

Answer 31

experience another drop

Question 32

end of middle school self-esteem

Answer 32

stabilizes again

Question 33

consequences of low self-esteem

Answer 33

problems with academics, problems with peers (bullying, aggressive behavior), psychological disorders