[2S] UNIT 6 Carbohydrates Flashcards
Major food source and energy supply for the body
Carbohydrates
Where is carbohydrates stored as glycogen?
Liver & Muscle
Found in connective tissues and nucleic acids
Carbohydrates
FBS: increased in plasma glucose level seen in diabetic patient
Hyperglycemia
Produces ATP for active movement of substances
Carbohydrates
Increase level of glucose
Hyperglycemia
T/F: Hyperglycemia can be caused by factors like pancreatectomy, hemochromatosis and stress
T
T/F: Hyperglycemia can be caused by factors like mild infection, dehydration, pregnancy, and abnormal insulin receptor
F; severe infection
Decreased plasma glucose level
Hypoglycemia
Seen in diabetic patient who injects insulin
Hyperglycemia
T/F: Diabetic patient who injects insulin have 1 or 2 episodes of symptomatic hypoglycemia per week
T
Produced by B-cells of pancreatic islets of Langerhans
Insulin
Hormone that decreases plasma glucose levels
Insulin
Primary hormone responsible for the entry of glucose into the cell.
Insulin
Primary hypoglycemic agent
Insulin
Regulates glucose by increasing glycogenesis, lipogenesis, and glycolysis and inhibiting glycogenolysis
Insulin
Formation of glycogen from glucose
Glycogenesis
Process of fatty acid and triglyceride synthesis from glucose or other substrates
Lipogenesis
Breakdown of glucose in the formation of lactate, pyruvate, or other intermediate products such as ATP
Glycolysis
Breakdown of glycogen into glucose
Glycogenolysis
Primary hormone responsible for increasing glucose levels
Glucagon
Increases plasma glucose levels by glycogenolysis
and gluconeogenesis
Glucagon
Secreted by α-cells of pancreatic islets of Langerhans
Glucagon
Measured routinely using serum or plasma
○ Whole blood
○ Urine
○ CSF
○ Other body fluids
Glucose
