2Community Assessment & Organizations In The Community

Question 1

Community

Answer 1

Group of people who have common characteristics

Question 2

Community health

Answer 2

The study & improvement of health related characteristics & relationships between people and their physical-social environment

Focus on geographical areas

Question 3

Health is not simply a state free from disease but

Answer 3

Is the capacity of people to be resilient and manage lifes challenges and changes

Question 4

Community health focuses on what factors that impact health

Answer 4

Environment

Social structure

Resource distribution (access to healthy food)

Social capital (social cohesion)

Socio-economic status

Question 5

Community health assessment

Answer 5

Systemic examination of the health status of

Used to identify key problems and assets in a community

Question 6

The goal of a community health assessment

Essential ingredients to conduct a CHA

Answer 6

Goal is to develop strategies to address the community’s health needs and identify issues

Essential ingredients:
-Community engagement
-Collaborative participation

Question 7

Community health improvement process is a effort to: 8

Answer 7

Idenify health issues
Assess data
Develop health objectives/indicators
Inventory community assets/resources
Identify community perceptions
Develop coordination strategies
Identify accountable entities
Cultivate community ownership of process

Question 8

Why complete an assessment and improvement plan
6

Answer 8

Improve organizational/community coordination & collaboration

Increased knowledge and interconnectedness off activities

Strengthened partnerships (state/local public health systems)

Identify strengths and weaknesses

Baselines on performance to prepare for accreditation

Benchmarks for public health practice

Question 9

Assessment components 6

Answer 9

1. Describe makeup/history of community to provide a context within which to collect data on concerns
2. Describe what matters to people in community
3. Describe what matters to key stakeholders
4. For each problem/goal describe evidence indicating whther problem/goal should be priority issue
5. Describe barriers and resources for addressing identified issues
6. Based on assessment, select prioity issues to be address by the group

Question 10

1. Describe makeup/history of community to provide a context within which to collect data on concerns
   5

Answer 10

Comment type of info that best describes community (demographic, key leaders)

Describe sources of info (public record, local people)

Comment whether there are sufficient resources (time, personnel)

Assess quality of info

Describe strengths/problems you heard about

Question 11

2. Describe what matters to people in the community

Answer 11

How to listen to community:

Listening sessions
Public forums
Interviews
Concerns surveys
Focus groups

Question 12

3. Describe what matters to key stakeholders

Answer 12

Who else cares about this issue (stakeholders(

Surveys
Interviews

Question 13

4. For each problem/goal describe evidence indicating whther problem/goal should be priority issue

Answer 13

How frequent it occurs

How many people affected

Impact it has

Community-level indicators related to issue (rate of infant deaths or vehicle crashes)

Question 14

5. Describe the barriers and resources for addressing the identified issues

Answer 14

What resources/assets are available

Barriers/resistance to solving the problem

Question 15

Secondary data

Answer 15

Not from the source

Question 16

Census data vs vital statistics

(If we use it then were a secondary source?)

Answer 16

Census:
SES, age distribution, gender, race, ethnicity

Vital:
Birth, death, marriages, divorces, adoption

Question 17

Primary data (windshield survey)

Answer 17

Visual exam

Senses, sights, sounds, smells

Question 18

4 components to diagnosing community health problems

Answer 18

Problem (disease, disability, risk)

Population/community

Etiology (cause)

Evidence (health indicator)

Question 19

SWOT analysis

Answer 19

Guides you to identify the positives/negatives
inside/outside your community
in the external environment (opportunity/threat)

Question 20

SWOT general areas to consider 5

Answer 20

Human resources (staff, volunteers)

Physical resources (location, equipment)

Financial (grants, funding agencies)

Activities and processes (programs you run)

Past experiences (reputation in communty)

Question 21

SWOT forces and facts the group doesnt control

Answer 21

The economy
Funding sources
Demographics
Physical environment
Legislation

Question 22

6. Based on the assessment, select the priority issues to be addessed by the group

Answer 22

Prioritize using prioritization matrix

Four boxes measuring:

Cost/effort
Vs
Benefit/value

Question 23

What is a government health agency?

-how is it funded?
-how does it work

Answer 23

Agency funded by tax dollars

Top-down funding:
-money comes from federal or state level to the local level

Question 24

What is the WHO (world health organization) and what does it do

How to get a membership

Answer 24

International health organization

Any nation that has endorsed the WHO consitution get a memberhship

Purpose: achieve highest possible level of health globally

Question 25

Federal department that the principle agency for protecting health? Who appoints the secretary of health? How many agencies are there under this department

Answer 25

Department of health & human services (USDHHS) -11 agencies ex: FDA, NIH, CDC President appoints the secretary of health

Question 26

State health agencies All states have what Purpose Usually headed by who (who appoints them)

Answer 26

All states have their own health departments Purpose: To promote, protect and maintain the health and welfare of their citizens Usually headed by: Medical director appointed by governer

Question 27

What do state health agencies do? 3

Answer 27

Establish health regulation (restaurant scores) Serve as conduits for federal funds aimed at local health departments Have laboratory services available for local health departments

Question 28

Local health deparments Responsibility? Example of services

Answer 28

Responsible for city/county Ex: Restaurants public buildings public transport inspections Detection/reporting diseases Collecting vital statistics

Question 29

Quasi-governmental health organizations Operate how Funding Example

Answer 29

Operate: -more like voluntary health organizations -independently of government supervision Funding: Some from government Ex: american red cross

Question 30

Non-governmental health agencies Funding Why they are made Operate how Meet specific what Types 6

Answer 30

Funding: by private donations or membership dues Made due to unmet health needs if gov aint fixing it Operate free from government interference Meet specific IRS guidelines with tax state Types: Voluntary, professional, religious, philanthropic, corporate, service

Question 31

Voluntary health agencies Four basic objectives Primary activity Ex 2

Answer 31

1. Raise money 2. Provide education to public & professionals 3. Provide services to those afflicted 4. Advocacy Primary activity: fundraising Ex: AHA March of dimes

Question 32

Service, social & religious organizations Primary mission may not be what Religious groups

Answer 32

Primary mission may not be health but make significant contributions -shriners, Elks, FOP, Kiwanis Contribution of religious groups to community health is substantial -food banks, shelters, donate space

Question 33

Corporate involvement in the community Biggest role? What they can do Ex 3

Answer 33

Biggest role: Provide health care benefits Worksite health promotion programs aimed at -lowering health care cost -decrease absenteeism Ex: Fitness centers Counseling Education courses