2c) - Carboxylic Acids Flashcards
What is a carboxylic acid
A carboxylic acid is a molecule which is characterised by its functional group called the carboxyl functional group -COOH
What is the general formula for carboxylic acids
Carboxylic acids have the general formula CnH2n+1COOH
How to name a carboxylic acid
The naming of carboxylic acids is similar to alkanes however the ending is replaced with “oic acid”
What happens to meth,eth,prop and butanoic acid because they are miscible in water
Methanoic, ethanoic, propanoic and butanoic acid are miscible in water thereafter the solubility decreases as size increases
What happens to carboxylic acids as they increase in size
As carboxylic acids increase in size their melting and boiling points increase due to their increasing strength of intermolecular forces
What is vinegar a solution of
Vinegar is a solution of ethanoic acid, with molecular formula CH3COOH
Why is vinegar used in household cleaning products
Vinegar is used in household cleaning products as it is a non toxic acid so can be used safely in household situations
What are carboxylic acids used for
Carboxylic acids are used in the preparation of preservatives, soaps and medicines
What is the ph of carboxylic acids
Solutions of carboxylic acids have a pH less than 7
What can carboxylic acids reacts with to form salts
Carboxylic acids can react with metals, metal oxides, hydroxides and carbonates forming salts
What happens when a carboxylic acid reacts with a metal oxide
A metal oxide + a carboxylic acid ——> salt + water
What happens when a carboxylic acid reacts with a metal hydroxide
a metal hydroxide + carboxylic acid ——> salt + water
What happens when a carboxylic acid reacts with a metal carbonate
a metal carbonate + a carboxylic acid ——> salt + water + CO2
What is the name of a reaction of an acid with a base, forming a salt and water
Neutralisation
What happens when a carboxylic acid reacts with a metal
Metal + carboxylic acid ————> salt + hydrogen
