2.a Flashcards
Give 3 examples of how globalisation impacts the finance/ flows of money?
Globalisation can impact the finance/ flows of money in any of the following ways. Trillions of dollars are exchanged electronically everyday. Worldwide ‘race’ in reduction of consumer prices. Global capitalism spread by large transnational corporations (TNCs), with greater turnovers than the GDP of many countries. Cheap labour in developing countries, then supplied to consumers in America/ Europe.
Give 3 examples of how globalisation impacts cultures around the world?
Globalisation can impact cultures around the world in any of the following ways. Cultures spread easily, due to easy transport to far location e.g. UK to India. ‘Global villages’ emerging, helping to condense people’s common interests. Music, TV and media encourage a loss of individuality.
Give 3 examples of how globalisation impacts the flows of people?
Globalisation can impact the flows of people in any of the following ways. Reduces travel time, quicker and more frequent planes. Flows of people are easier, meaning many can travel abroad for higher pay/ employment. Jobs that are in demand e.g. IT and tech - can be sourced globally.
What is dislocation? Give an example.
Dislocation occurs when the sense of place is no longer present within an area. E.g. Toxteth.
What is a global village?
A global village refers to the closer connections places now have.
What is the shrinking world?
The concept that globalisation causes the world to ‘get closer’.
What does time-space compression refer to? What does this lead to?
Time-space compression refers to how space is no longer the barrier it once was to communication and movement of people, goods and ideas due to reduced travel time and the internet. This leads to the ‘shrinking world’.
What is globalisation?
Globalisation is the interconnectedness and interdependence of the world, economically, socially, politically and culturally.
Give 2 examples of how a performed role can influence place perception?
Example 1: an independent 20-year-old is likely to view locations differently from the parent of a young child. As a parent, your perception of potential threats (e.g. traffic) becomes heightened. Example 2: During the past 40 years, gated communities have become more common in many countries. They tend to be high value properties which are ‘defended’ by secure boundaries and controlled access points.
What is a performed role? Give an example.
Everyone performs a variety of roles at different times (position of responsibility, daughter, parent, member of sports team or band, employee). The role we have at any one time can influence our perception of a location and how we behave. For example, you may act differently in a shopping centre when you are with your friends compared to when you are with your parents.
How can the factor of sexuality in place perception be economically advantageous?
There is an economic aspect to the emergence of places defined on the basis of sexuality. ‘The Pink Pound’ is important in some locations such as Brighton, to help them regenerate and rebrand the area.
Why are there LGBT areas in and around cities?
LGBT areas have grown as numbers increase and the community feel safer and like they can be themselves without facing judgement.
How does the implementation of LGBT ‘zones’ impact place perception? Give 4 examples of places that have these spaces.
In some cities, LGBT ‘zones’ have been identified and mapped. These areas centre on concentrations of restaurant, bars and clubs which are ‘gay friendly’ such as the Castro District in San Francisco, the ‘Gay Village’ in Manchester, Brighton and London’s Soho. The LGBT community is a large one and these places are cosmopolitan and accepting of a wide diversity of people.
How does sexuality influence place perception?
As the acceptance of different sexual orientations becomes more widespread, some places acquire a meaning because they are where lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender groups (LGBT) tend to cluster.
How may age effect place perception, with relation to family size or income?
When people first leave home and go into university/ college accommodation or move in with friends they tend to live in urban areas close to amenities and recreation opportunities and need limited space so they often live in shared houses and have one room to call their own and share kitchens and bathrooms. When people start families they need more space and tend to want cleaner air, safer neighbourhoods and large gardens so they move to the suburbs (city edges) or surrounding villages. When people age they tend to require less space and may downsize or move once again into shared accommodation - residential care home or in with family. They tend to value peace and quiet although they may have to consider access to health care facilities.
How does religion affect place perception? - Locations
Jerusalem has come to represent a place of very great religious significance for all 3 of these religions: Judaism: Capital of the United Kingdom of the tribes of Israel in about 3000 BC. The First Temple was on the Temple Mount by Solomon and housed the Ark of the Covenant, containing the stone tablets given to Moses by God on which were written the 10 commandments. Jerusalem came to represent Judaism’s most sacred site and the ancient capital of the Jewish state. Christianity: Site of Christ’s crucifixion and resurrection. Jerusalem represents Christianity’s most holy site. Islam: Site of Mohammed’s ‘night journey’ and Islam’s third most sacred shrine; the Dome of the rock is located there.
How does religion affect place perception? - Buildings
Religions such as Judaism, Christianity and Islam have given meaning to many places through the building of Synagogues, Churches and Mosques.
How does age effect place perception? - Play park
For a play park, place perception can change over time. When we are young (under 5) a playground is a very exciting place and one we often associate with having fun. By the time we are teens we may see them differently and use them to be anti-social and drink or graffiti or a place to hang out with friends. By the time we are 80 we may see it a place to remind us of our youth, spend time with grand-children or as a source of noise in an otherwise peaceful park.
How does religion affect place perception? - Structures
Humans have given locations religious meaning through buildings. Ancient stone circles are found all over the world. For example: Stonehenge. Cave paintings at Lascaux in SW France. The images of birds, animals and human figures drawn on cave walls 17,000 years ago have been interpreted as having magical and religious significance.
How does religion affect place perception? - Natural
Some natural landscape features are sacred to certain human groups. For example: Ayers Rock (Uluru) in the centre of Australia has a major role in Aboriginal Creation stories and has spiritual significance.
How may gender affect place perception? - safety
Urban geographies of fear can also be influenced by a person’s age and sexuality. Town planners and architects are giving the issue of safety a higher priority when making decisions about the layout of city centres.
How may gender affect place perception? - male dominated
Traditionally, many places have been defined as being ‘male’ or ‘female’. In western societies until late 20th century, there was the stereotype that ‘A woman’s place is in the home’. This contrasted with the male public spaces, such as factories, offices and places of recreation. The fact that the females were excluded from certain places was seen as a key element of how males dominated and controlled society.
How may gender affect place perception? - WW2
Until WW2, married women in the UK were not employed in the civil service or many local government offices.
What does GRASP stand for?
GRASP stands for: gender, religion, age, sexuality, and performed role.
What are the 5 factors that affect place perception?
The 5 factors that affect place perception are: gender, religion, age, sexuality, performed role.
How does Aushwitz link to emotional attachment?
German concentration camp. Jewish people more likely to attach heightened emotions to this place. Emotions due to horrors and stories that occurred. Religion and background causes negative emotional attachment.
How does the Stonewall Inn link to emotional attachment?
LGBTQ+ community important place, symbolic. Riots and protests between LGBTQ+ community and police. Most people have no emotional attachment. Key ‘collective’ place for LGBTQ+ community. These communities would have a deeper attachment to it.
How do the Kurds link to emotional attachment?
Nation. Ethnic group living in Syria, Iraq, Iran, and Turkey. 30 million Kurds. Diaspora living away from region (2-3 million) especially established community in Germany. A place of struggle, competing with states they are in. Persecution of Kurds in Iraq (under Saddam Hussein). Conflict between Kurdish and Turkish forces on the border of Syria. Protests by diaspora in other countries e.g. protests held in Cologne. All points reinforce that Kurdistan is ‘the homeland’. Really strong emotional attachment for Kurds both home and away.
