2.9 photosynthesis Flashcards

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1
Q

photosynthesis

A

the production of carbon compounds in cells using light energy

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2
Q

write the photosynthesis equation

A

see ipad

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3
Q

what can the carbon compounds made from photosynthesis be used for?

A

for cellular respiration to produce ATP

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4
Q

what colors does chlorophyll absorb best?

A

red and blue light

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5
Q

what color does chlorophyll reflect best?

A

green light

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6
Q

chlorophyll

A

a green pigment embedded in the thylakoid membrane that is responsible for light absorption

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7
Q

types of chlorophyll

A

a and b

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8
Q

what happens when a chlorophyll molecule absorbs light?

A

it releases electrons which are used to produce ATP

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9
Q

draw the absorption spectrum for chlorophyll a and b

A

see ipad

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10
Q

draw the action spectrum for photosynthesis

A

see ipad

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11
Q

Rբ equation

A

distance moved by pigment / distance moved by solvent

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12
Q

2 steps of photosynthesis

A
  1. light-dependent reaction
  2. light-independent reaction
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13
Q

2 steps of photosynthesis

A
  1. light-dependent reaction
  2. light-independent reaction
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14
Q

light-dependent reaction

A

light energy (from the sun) is converted into chemical energy (ATP)

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15
Q

light-independent reaction

A

chemical energy (ATP) is used to synthesize carbon compounds (carbohydrates)

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16
Q

where does the light-dependent reaction occur?

A

in the thylakoids of the chloroplast (where chlorophyll is)

17
Q

describe the light-dependent process

A
  1. Light is absorbed by chlorophyll, which results in the production of ATP (chemical energy)
  2. Light is also absorbed by water, which is split (photolysis) to produce oxygen and hydrogen
  3. The hydrogen and ATP are used in the light independent reactions, the oxygen is released from stomata as a waste product
18
Q

where does the light-independent reaction occur?

A

in the stroma

19
Q

describe the light-independent reaction

A
  1. ATP and hydrogen (carried by NADPH) are transferred to the site of the light independent reactions
  2. The hydrogen is combined with carbon dioxide to form complex organic compounds (e.g. carbohydrates, amino acids, etc.)
  3. The ATP provides the required energy to power these anabolic reactions and fix the carbon molecules together
20
Q

draw a diagram of photosynthesis

A

see ipad

21
Q

draw a diagram of the relationship b/w photosynthesis and cell respiration

A

see ipad

22
Q

relationship b/w photosynthesis and cell respiration

A
  • photosynthetic organisms use light energy from the sun to create energy (ATP)
  • this energy is used to synthesize organic compounds
  • animals consume these organic compounds and release the stored energy via cell respiration
23
Q

what does the absorption spectrum indicate?

A

the wavelengths of light absorbed by each pigment

24
Q

what does the action spectrum indicate?

A

the overall rate of photosynthesis at each wavelength of light

25
Q

fill in photosynthesis process diagram

A

see ipad

26
Q

what happens in photolysis

A

Water is split by light to make oxygen, H+ (protons) and electrons)

27
Q

What is the waste gas given off by photosynthesis?

A

oxygen

28
Q

what is carbon fixation

A

ATP and hydrogen are used as forms of chemical energy to convert carbon dioxide and water
into useful organic molecules for plants (rubisco catalyzes this reaction)

29
Q

What atmospheric gas is essential for photosynthesis to occur?

A

carbon dioxide

30
Q

3 ways one could measure the rate of photosynthesis

A

O2 production
CO2 intake
Biomass accumulated (taking into account cell respiration)