2.9 Design For Manucfature And Project Managment Flashcards
What is NDT?
Non-destructive testing is testing done on products that have been structurally bonded together e.g. via welding
And refers to the structure of the material
The two main methods are x-ray and ultrasound
- ultrasound being more safer to use since it uses sound waves rather that x-ray radiation
They are used to check for refractions in the material from the signals that are sent and reflected back through the material
Which can’t be seen through the naked eye - like hairline fractures in the material to detect faults
CMM: Give a new feature of their technique being implemented (extra notes)
Using lasers which allows for a true comparison to a 3D cad model and can produce one of the model itself as well - relying on reflections of the laser to record accurate dimensions
Define the specific features of a go/no gauge: for quality control checks
Has tow dimensions: a maximum allowable size and minimum allowable size it must be bigger that the minimum size (no gauge) and smaller but fit with the go gauge (maximum size)
Requires little training to use and can be done on the production line compared to micrometer and vernier clamper
Dimensional accuracy checks:
Relevant quality control checks are implemented to equipment to ensure that they are working accurately. - including dimensional checks on formed components
These dimensional check are usually carried out using a vernier clamper of micrometer however normally used on materials and components a sample must be taken out to be into a testing room o check as the use of these dimensional testing tools are too slow to do on the production line and wouldn’t keep up with the pace of the line.
Vernier calliper - used for wide ranging products and the internal widths of products as well + in depth
Micrometers - are usually used for diameters and smaller objects as the jaws are restricting it has a a higher level of accuracy that the vernier caliper
Note material checks are done at the beginning of the manufacturing stage and QC checks are done and made sure to follow within the correct QA policies set out with strict guidance documentation produced by client and company of specific requirements
Critical path analysis extra detailed notes needed:
One after the other means = sequentially
By reorganising the tasks from a list on a table you i=can identify the critical path line and any means of production which can be done via parallel processing - shortening the time by a lot
The critical path line = is the longest time path in the CPA due to this… (also the most key elements of the design are found here)
Parallel processing = simultaneity other methods of production can be done during the critical path line to ensure that less time is needed to fully produce the product as a whole before and after assembly
In industry this would be done with robots etc making use of sub assemblies to produce certain parts e.g. of a bike - gears, pedals and wheels all under the parallel processing path
Conclusion:
By using a CPA they are able to ensure key elements are focused on and prevent delays in the production of the final product
What are the elements required for you to complete a CPN?
A list of all the activities
An estimate of the time for each stage
An understanding of how each stage relates to the completion of other stages
Specific deadlines for the production/ individual items
What is the overall aim of CPA
To reduce the completion of the project in the least amount of time possible making use of a CPN - critical path network to help diagram the individual stages and how they will complete the overall production of the product.
Example: how to conduct a CPN? Part 1
CPN diagram part 2:
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What are project management systems?
Systems that are used to ensure that a product is made within budget set and timeframe - done by improving efficiency and reducing the waste made form production
Why is a PDS and why is it useful?
Product design specification is a vital clear list of a clients essentials and desirable requirements
This is normally used under accurate production of prototypes which requires effective research and development - development of the design must be tested against specification and modelled via different methods including virtual CAD simulations and full size block models
- proposed manufacturing procedure must also be tested to make sure they are realistic with the current models and plans for production
What is said is needed for a successful manufacture?
On any scale of production is requires a clear schedule of production and deadlines with QC checks and inspections within the schedule - depending on the scale of production
Provide a list of some of the pre-production QA procedures see to ensure accuracy:
Cad simulations
Working drawings with tolerance
Mock-up and mechanical systems
Client feedback
Peer review
In order for the production f a prototype to accurate a range of Qc checks are made name some:
Visual aesthetics checks
Appropriate accurate dimension checks
- individual parts
- the overall product
Machine tooling an alignment checks
Quality checks and manufactured finishes
