29. Anatomy Of The GI Tract

Question 1

What are the layers of the GI tract?

Answer 1

Mucosa
Submucosa
Muscularis
Serosa/Adventitia

Question 2

How are the muscular layers of the GI tract arranged?

Answer 2

Outer longitudinal, inner circular

Question 3

What type of epithelium is present in the stomach?

Answer 3

Simple columnar

Question 4

What is the function of parietal cells?

Answer 4

Secrete HCl in stomach

Question 5

What is the function of the mesentery?

Answer 5

Connect organs to each other and the abdominal wall and provide blood supply

Question 6

Which region of the small intestine is only partially peritonised?

Answer 6

Duodenum

Question 7

What is the main function of the duodenum?

Answer 7

Neutralise acidic environment from the stomach. Receives secretions from pancreas

Question 8

What are plicae circularis and how do they differ from rugae?

Answer 8

Circular folds in submucosa and mucosa of SI. Permanent, unlike rugae of stomach

Question 9

How does the SI histology change distally?

Answer 9

Less plicae/villi, increased diameter and thickness of intestinal wall

Question 10

What is the purpose of Brunner glands?

Where are they located?

Answer 10

Located in the duodenum

Secrete mucous

Question 11

What are Peyer patches?

Answer 11

Lymphoid follicles in the ileum which monitor bacterial population

Question 12

What is the arrangement and function of different cells in the SI villi?

Answer 12

Absorptive and goblet cells migrate to cover surface

Granular (lysozyme) and endocrine cells remain in bottom