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AIIMS > 27.6.2013(pathology) 50 > Flashcards

27.6.2013(pathology) 50 Flashcards

0
Q

Mode of inheritance of CGD

A

70% X linked

30% AR

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1
Q

Most potent stimulator of naive T cell

A

Mature dendritic cells

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2
Q

Autoimmune disorders common in CGD

A

ITP
JRA
discoid lupus is common in x linked CGD

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3
Q

Late complications of CGD

A

Nodular regenerative hyperplasia

Portal hypertension

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4
Q

Major diagnostic criteria for multiple myeloma

A

Plasmacytoma on tissue biopsy
Bone marrow plasmocytosis greater than 30%
M protein spike
IgG>3.5g/dL
IgA>2g/dL
Urine light chains greater than 1g per 24 hours

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5
Q

Minor diagnostic criteria for multiple myeloma

A 
Bone marrow plasmocytosis btw 10-30%
Lytic bone lesions
Low levels of M protein spike
Lower than normal levels of immunoglobulins
 IgM less than 50mg/dL
 IgA less than 100mg/dL
 IgG less than 600mg/dL
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6
Q

International staging system of multiple myeloma

A 
Stage 1(beta 2 micro globulin less than 3.5mg/L and serum albumin greater than or equal to 3.5g/dl)
Stage 3(beta 2 micro globulin more than or equal to 5.5mg/L)
Stage 2 is between 1 and 3
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7
Q

Diff btw MM and waldenstrom macroglobulinemia

A 
No lytic bone lesions
No hypercalcemia
Hepatomegaly,splenomegaly,lymphadenopathy
Hyper viscosity syndrome
M spike is IgM
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8
Q

Plasma cell leukemia

A

Plasma cells more than 20% in peripheral blood

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9
Q

Asymptomatic or smouldering myeloma

A

No end organ involvement
M protein more than 3g/dL
Bone marrow plasmocytosis more than 10%

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10
Q

MGUS

A

No CRAB
Plasmocytosis less than 10%
M protein spike less than 3g/dl

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11
Q

Non secretory myeloma

A

Absence of M spike in serum or urine
Bone marrow plasmocytosis more than 10%
CRAB+

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12
Q

Symptomatic myeloma

A 
Hypercalcemia
Renal failure
Anemia
Lytic changes in bones
Bone marrow plasmocytosis more than 10%
M spike more than 3g/dl
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13
Q

Indolent MM

A

All features of multiple myeloma except end organ damage

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14
Q

Rx of multiple myeloma,transplant candidates

A

-VAD
vincristine,adriamycin,Dexamethasone
-High dose pulsed glucocorticoids
-thalidomide,Dexamethasone

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15
Q

Rx of multiple myeloma in non transplant candidates

A

Cyclophosphamide/melphalen+prednisolone

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16
Q

Novel therapies for MM

A

Bortezomib
Lenalidomide
INF A

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17
Q

BRCA chr location

A 
BRCA 1(chr 17q)
BRCA 2(chr 13q)
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18
Q

BRCA mutation

A

BRCA1 breast and ovary Ca in women,prostate Ca in men

BRCA 2 male breast cancer

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19
Q

Gum infiltration is common in which AML

A

M5

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20
Q

Chloroma is seen in

A

M2 AML

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21
Q

Most frequent cytogenetic change in MDS in Adults

A

5q deletion

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22
Q

Most frequent cytogenetic change in MDS in children

A

Monosomy 7

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23
Q

Favourable cytogenetics in AML

A

t(8;21) M2
Inv 16 M4
t(15;17) M3

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24
M4 AML is also known as
Naegli type
25
Cells in M3 AML
Faggot cells
26
Markers of granulocytic sarcoma
``` Chloroma CD117 CD43 Lysozyme MPO ```
27
Most common type of AML
M2
28
Other name for M5 AML
Schilling type
29
Transloaction in M5
t(9,11)
30
Least common type of AML
M7
31
Mediastinal tumor with two different lineage of cells | Epithelial and lymphocytic
Thymoma
32
Muramidase levels are increased in which AML
M4 and M5
33
Unfavourable cytogenetics in AML
Deletion 7q and 5q
34
Nucleophosphin mutation is associated with ________ prognosis in AML
Good
35
Prognosis in AML,morphology
Good prognosis Auer rods Eosinophils
36
FAB subtypes of AML and prognosis
``` Good prognosis(M2,M3,M4) Bad prognosis(M0,M6,M7) ```
37
Bad prognosis in AML,surface markers
``` CD34+ HLA DR+ tdt+ Biphenotypic(CD7+,CD56+) MDR1+ ```
38
Molecular markers of good prognosis in AML
Nucleophosphin mutation | CCAAT/enhancer binding protein alpha mutation
39
Thyroid transcription factor 1 is IHC marker for
Thyroid and lung Ca
40
IHC markers for bladder cancer
Thrombomodulin | URD-111
41
Autoimmune disorders associated with thymoma
``` Pure red cell aplasia Hypogammaglobulinemia Cushing Dermatomyositis-polymyositis Graves Pernicious anemia ```
42
Type of thymoma associated with autoimmune disease
Cortical thymoma
43
Age of presentation of thymomas
30yrs
44
Thymoma is common in
Both males and females
45
Types of thymic carcinoma
1.SCC 2. Lymphoepithelioma type(resembles nasopharyngeal carcinoma) Associated with EBV
46
Types of thymoma
1.medullary type Cortical type 1.mixed type
47
Minimum diagnostic criteria for collapsing glomerulopathy
Atleast one glomerulus showing segmental or global obliteration of glomerular capillary lumen by collapse of glomerular BM in association with hypertrophy and hyperplasia of visceral epithelium
48
Enzymes present in langerhans cell histiocytosis
Acid phosphatase Alpha naphthyl acetate esterase Alpha naphthyl butyrate esterase
49
Stain for mono and triglycerides
Calcium lipase
50
Fats stained by PAS
Cerebrosides | Gangliosides
51
Stain for sphingomyelin
Ferric hematoxylin
52
Stain for sulfatides
Acetone/Toludine blue
53
Stain for phosphatidyl ethanolamine
Plasmal reaction
54
DNA can be best demonstrated by
Feulgen
55
Uses of Acridine orange
P.falciparum,H.pylori DNA and RNA Mucin
56
Methods of demonstration of DNA
Acridine orange Feulgen Methyl green pyronin Gallocyanin chrome alum
57
Best method for demonstration of RNA
Methyl green pyronin
58
Bodies in multiple myeloma
Russell body- cytoplasm | Dutchner body- nucleus
59
Dermatin sulphate is found in
Dermis
60
Heparin sulphate is found in
Basement membrane
61
Keratin sulphate is found in
Cartilage
62
Proteoglycans found in both cartilage and dermis
Hyaluronic acid | Chondroitin sulphate
63
HPE in reye syndrome
``` Microvesicular steatosis Absent glycogen Large Pleomorphic mitochondria with loss of matricial density Fatty degeneration of PCT of kidney Loss of neuron and astrocytes edema ```
64
Hypo cellular marrow with or without cytopenia
``` Q fever Legionnaire Mycobacteria Anorexia Starvation ```
65
Pancytopenia with hypocellular bone marrow
``` Aplastic Anemia Fanconi Dyskeratosis congenita Some myelodysplastic syndromes Aleukemic leukemia Some ALL ```
66
Infections causing Pancytopenia with cellular bone marrow
TB brucellosis Leishmaniasis
67
Pancytopenia with hypercellular bone marrow,leukemias
``` PNH myelodysplastic syndrome Some aleukemic leukemia Myelofibrosis Myelophthisis Bone marrow lymphoma Hairy cell leukemia ```
68
Liver findings in plasmodium falciparum infection
Kuppfer cell hyperplasia with macrophages infiltrating around periportal area laden with pigments
69
Neutral endopeptidase is inhibited by
Thiorphan
70
Neutral endopeptidase inhibitor
Ecadotril

AIIMS (13 decks)

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