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AIIMS > 27.6.2013(pathology) 50 > Flashcards

27.6.2013(pathology) 50 Flashcards

0
Q

Mode of inheritance of CGD

A

70% X linked

30% AR

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1
Q

Most potent stimulator of naive T cell

A

Mature dendritic cells

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2
Q

Autoimmune disorders common in CGD

A

ITP
JRA
discoid lupus is common in x linked CGD

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3
Q

Late complications of CGD

A

Nodular regenerative hyperplasia

Portal hypertension

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4
Q

Major diagnostic criteria for multiple myeloma

A

Plasmacytoma on tissue biopsy
Bone marrow plasmocytosis greater than 30%
M protein spike
IgG>3.5g/dL
IgA>2g/dL
Urine light chains greater than 1g per 24 hours

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5
Q

Minor diagnostic criteria for multiple myeloma

A 
Bone marrow plasmocytosis btw 10-30%
Lytic bone lesions
Low levels of M protein spike
Lower than normal levels of immunoglobulins
 IgM less than 50mg/dL
 IgA less than 100mg/dL
 IgG less than 600mg/dL
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6
Q

International staging system of multiple myeloma

A 
Stage 1(beta 2 micro globulin less than 3.5mg/L and serum albumin greater than or equal to 3.5g/dl)
Stage 3(beta 2 micro globulin more than or equal to 5.5mg/L)
Stage 2 is between 1 and 3
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7
Q

Diff btw MM and waldenstrom macroglobulinemia

A 
No lytic bone lesions
No hypercalcemia
Hepatomegaly,splenomegaly,lymphadenopathy
Hyper viscosity syndrome
M spike is IgM
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8
Q

Plasma cell leukemia

A

Plasma cells more than 20% in peripheral blood

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9
Q

Asymptomatic or smouldering myeloma

A

No end organ involvement
M protein more than 3g/dL
Bone marrow plasmocytosis more than 10%

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10
Q

MGUS

A

No CRAB
Plasmocytosis less than 10%
M protein spike less than 3g/dl

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11
Q

Non secretory myeloma

A

Absence of M spike in serum or urine
Bone marrow plasmocytosis more than 10%
CRAB+

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12
Q

Symptomatic myeloma

A 
Hypercalcemia
Renal failure
Anemia
Lytic changes in bones
Bone marrow plasmocytosis more than 10%
M spike more than 3g/dl
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13
Q

Indolent MM

A

All features of multiple myeloma except end organ damage

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14
Q

Rx of multiple myeloma,transplant candidates

A

-VAD
vincristine,adriamycin,Dexamethasone
-High dose pulsed glucocorticoids
-thalidomide,Dexamethasone

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15
Q

Rx of multiple myeloma in non transplant candidates

A

Cyclophosphamide/melphalen+prednisolone

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16
Q

Novel therapies for MM

A

Bortezomib
Lenalidomide
INF A

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17
Q

BRCA chr location

A 
BRCA 1(chr 17q)
BRCA 2(chr 13q)
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18
Q

BRCA mutation

A

BRCA1 breast and ovary Ca in women,prostate Ca in men

BRCA 2 male breast cancer

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19
Q

Gum infiltration is common in which AML

A

M5

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20
Q

Chloroma is seen in

A

M2 AML

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21
Q

Most frequent cytogenetic change in MDS in Adults

A

5q deletion

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22
Q

Most frequent cytogenetic change in MDS in children

A

Monosomy 7

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23
Q

Favourable cytogenetics in AML

A

t(8;21) M2
Inv 16 M4
t(15;17) M3

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24
Q

M4 AML is also known as

A

Naegli type

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25
Q

Cells in M3 AML

A

Faggot cells

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26
Q

Markers of granulocytic sarcoma

A 
Chloroma
CD117
CD43
Lysozyme 
MPO
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27
Q

Most common type of AML

A

M2

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28
Q

Other name for M5 AML

A

Schilling type

29
Q

Transloaction in M5

A

t(9,11)

30
Q

Least common type of AML

A

M7

31
Q

Mediastinal tumor with two different lineage of cells

Epithelial and lymphocytic

A

Thymoma

32
Q

Muramidase levels are increased in which AML

A

M4 and M5

33
Q

Unfavourable cytogenetics in AML

A

Deletion 7q and 5q

34
Q

Nucleophosphin mutation is associated with ________ prognosis in AML

A

Good

35
Q

Prognosis in AML,morphology

A

Good prognosis
Auer rods
Eosinophils

36
Q

FAB subtypes of AML and prognosis

A 
Good prognosis(M2,M3,M4)
Bad prognosis(M0,M6,M7)
37
Q

Bad prognosis in AML,surface markers

A 
CD34+
HLA DR+
tdt+
Biphenotypic(CD7+,CD56+)
MDR1+
38
Q

Molecular markers of good prognosis in AML

A

Nucleophosphin mutation

CCAAT/enhancer binding protein alpha mutation

39
Q

Thyroid transcription factor 1 is IHC marker for

A

Thyroid and lung Ca

40
Q

IHC markers for bladder cancer

A

Thrombomodulin

URD-111

41
Q

Autoimmune disorders associated with thymoma

A 
Pure red cell aplasia
Hypogammaglobulinemia 
Cushing
Dermatomyositis-polymyositis
Graves
Pernicious anemia
42
Q

Type of thymoma associated with autoimmune disease

A

Cortical thymoma

43
Q

Age of presentation of thymomas

A

30yrs

44
Q

Thymoma is common in

A

Both males and females

45
Q

Types of thymic carcinoma

A

1.SCC
2. Lymphoepithelioma type(resembles nasopharyngeal carcinoma)
Associated with EBV

46
Q

Types of thymoma

A

1.medullary type
Cortical type
1.mixed type

47
Q

Minimum diagnostic criteria for collapsing glomerulopathy

A

Atleast one glomerulus showing segmental or global obliteration of glomerular capillary lumen by collapse of glomerular BM in association with hypertrophy and hyperplasia of visceral epithelium

48
Q

Enzymes present in langerhans cell histiocytosis

A

Acid phosphatase
Alpha naphthyl acetate esterase
Alpha naphthyl butyrate esterase

49
Q

Stain for mono and triglycerides

A

Calcium lipase

50
Q

Fats stained by PAS

A

Cerebrosides

Gangliosides

51
Q

Stain for sphingomyelin

A

Ferric hematoxylin

52
Q

Stain for sulfatides

A

Acetone/Toludine blue

53
Q

Stain for phosphatidyl ethanolamine

A

Plasmal reaction

54
Q

DNA can be best demonstrated by

A

Feulgen

55
Q

Uses of Acridine orange

A

P.falciparum,H.pylori
DNA and RNA
Mucin

56
Q

Methods of demonstration of DNA

A

Acridine orange
Feulgen
Methyl green pyronin
Gallocyanin chrome alum

57
Q

Best method for demonstration of RNA

A

Methyl green pyronin

58
Q

Bodies in multiple myeloma

A

Russell body- cytoplasm

Dutchner body- nucleus

59
Q

Dermatin sulphate is found in

A

Dermis

60
Q

Heparin sulphate is found in

A

Basement membrane

61
Q

Keratin sulphate is found in

A

Cartilage

62
Q

Proteoglycans found in both cartilage and dermis

A

Hyaluronic acid

Chondroitin sulphate

63
Q

HPE in reye syndrome

A 
Microvesicular steatosis
Absent glycogen
Large Pleomorphic mitochondria with loss of matricial density
Fatty degeneration of PCT of kidney
Loss of neuron and astrocytes edema
64
Q

Hypo cellular marrow with or without cytopenia

A 
Q fever 
Legionnaire 
Mycobacteria
Anorexia 
Starvation
65
Q

Pancytopenia with hypocellular bone marrow

A 
Aplastic Anemia
Fanconi
Dyskeratosis congenita
Some myelodysplastic syndromes
Aleukemic leukemia
Some ALL
66
Q

Infections causing Pancytopenia with cellular bone marrow

A

TB
brucellosis
Leishmaniasis

67
Q

Pancytopenia with hypercellular bone marrow,leukemias

A 
PNH
myelodysplastic syndrome
Some aleukemic leukemia
Myelofibrosis
Myelophthisis
Bone marrow lymphoma
Hairy cell leukemia
68
Q

Liver findings in plasmodium falciparum infection

A

Kuppfer cell hyperplasia with macrophages infiltrating around periportal area laden with pigments

69
Q

Neutral endopeptidase is inhibited by

A

Thiorphan

70
Q

Neutral endopeptidase inhibitor

A

Ecadotril

AIIMS (13 decks)

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