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AIIMS > 12.6.2013(pediatrics) 35 > Flashcards

12.6.2013(pediatrics) 35 Flashcards

0
Q

Poor prognosis in ALL,systemic features

A

Testicular enlargement
Lymph node,liver,spleen enlargement
CNS involvement

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1
Q

Good prognosis in ALL,age and gender

A

1-10yrs,female

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2
Q

Good prognosis in ALL,cytogenetics

A

Trisomies
4,10,17
t(12;21)

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3
Q

Poor prognosis in ALL,cytogenetics

A

t(9;22)
t(4;11)
t(1;19)

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4
Q

Prognosis in ALL,ploidy

A

Hyperdiploidy(good)

Hypodiploidy(poor)

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5
Q

Immunophenotype with good prognosis in ALL

A

Early preB cell

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6
Q

Mediastinal mass in _________ cell ALL

A

T

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7
Q

Commonest type of ALL

A

Early preB cell(2/3)

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8
Q

L1 ALL

A

Small homogenous blast
Scanty cytoplasm
Indistinct nucleoli

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9
Q

L2 ALL

A

Large heterogenous blast
Moderately abundant cytoplasm
Minimal cytoplasmic vacuolation
One or more nucleoli

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10
Q

L3 ALL

A

Large homogenous blast
Abundant cytoplasm
Prominent cytoplasmic vacuolation staining positive for oil red O

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11
Q

Low grade lymphomas

A

Small lymphocytic
Follicular small cleaved cell
Follicular mixed (small cleaved and large cell)

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12
Q

Intermediate grade lymphomas

A

Follicular large cell
Diffuse small cleaved cell
Diffuse mixed
Diffuse large cell

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13
Q

High grade lymphoma

A

Large cell immunoblastic
Lymphoblastic
Small non cleaved cell(burkitt)

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14
Q

Age of onset of whooping cough

A

50% before 2 yrs

35% below 6 months

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15
Q

Whooping cough infectivity

A

1 week before whoop to 3 weeks after it

Maximum infectivity during catarrhal stage

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16
Q

Blood values in whooping cough

A

Absolute lymphocytosis(>10,000)

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17
Q

Causes of whooping cough syndrome

A 
B.parapertussis
B.bronchiseptica
C.trachomatis
CMV
ADENO virus 1,2,5
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18
Q

Stages of whooping cough

A

Catarrhal
Paroxysmal
Convalescent

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19
Q

Cough in pertussis initially occurs during

A

Night

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20
Q

Whooping cough in infants

A

Apnea without cough

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21
Q

Complications of whooping cough

A 
Otitis media 
Pneumonia
Pneumothorax/pneumomediastinum
Seizures(intracranial bleed)
Encephalopathy
Epistaxis
Inguinal hernia
Rectal prolapse
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22
Q

Rx and Chemoprophylaxis of bordetella pertussis

A

Erythromycin

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23
Q

Trisomy D

A

Patau

Trisomy E(Edward)

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24
Q

Most common congenital heart defect in omphalocele

A

TOF

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25
Q

Syndromes associated with omphalocele

A

Trisomies D,E,21

Beckwidth wideman

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26
Q

Structure herniating in classic omphalocele

A

Midgut

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27
Q

Pentology of Cantrell is associated with

A

Foregut omphalocele

28
Q

Hypogastric omphalocele

A

Imperforate anus
Colonic atresia
Vesico intestinal fistula
Exostrophy of bladder

29
Q

Beckwidth wideman

A 
Macroglossia
Macrosomia
Visceromegaly
Pancreatic hyperplasia
Diaphragmatic hernia
Omphalocele
30
Q

Hypoxic insult in term infants

A

Basal ganglia and thalamus assume marbled appearance
STATUS MARMORATUM
Spastic quadriplegia

31
Q

Kostmann syndrome

A

Severe congenital neutropenia

32
Q

Organisms commonly isolated from kostmann syndrome

A

S.aureus

Gram negative bacilli

33
Q

Kostmann syndrome,Etiology

A

Defect in gene that codes for G-CSF

Neutrophil arrested in promyelocyte stage

34
Q

Stages of neutrophil development

A

Myeloblast-promyelocyte-myelocyte-metamyelocyte-band form-neutrophils

35
Q

Shwachman–Diamond syndrome

A

Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency

Neutropenia

36
Q

Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency and Anemia

A

Pearson syndrome

37
Q

Cardiac defect in fetal alcohol syndrome

A

ASD

VSD

38
Q

Fetal alcohol syndrome, Facies

A 
Epicanthal folds
Small palpebral fissure
Low set ears
Micrognathia
Smooth philtrum
Thin upper lips 
Maxillary hypoplasia
39
Q

FAS is associated with

A

microcephaly,MR,IUGR

40
Q

Vigorous baby

A

Muscle tone
Strong respiratory effort
Heart rate >100/min

41
Q

Indication for CPAP in newborn

A

Laboured breathing

Persistent cyanosis

42
Q

Indication for PPV in newborn

A

Apnea or gasping

HR<100

43
Q

Drugs used in neonatal resuscitation

A

Epinephrine
Volume expansion(crystalloid or blood)
Glucose

44
Q

Indications for noninitiation of resuscitation

A

GA(<400g)
Anencephaly
Trisomy 13

45
Q

3 vital characteristics to monitor during neonatal resuscitation

A

Heart rate
RR
Spo2

46
Q

Seizures due to hypoglycemia present on

A

2nd day

47
Q

Hypocalcemic seizures present

A

After 2nd day

48
Q

Jones criteria

Major

A 
Erythema marginatum
Subcutaneous nodules
Carditis
Arthritis
Rheumatic chorea
49
Q

Minor criteria in jones

A

Arthralgia
Fever
Leukocytosis,increased CRP
Prolonged PR interval

50
Q

Essential criteria for rheumatic fever

A

ASO
positive throat culture
Recent scarlet fever

51
Q

HSP occurs

A

1-2wks after URT infection

52
Q

Post infectious HSP,causes

A 
Bacterial:
 H.parainfluenzae
 Legionella
Yersinia
Mycoplasma
Viral
 ADENO
 Parvo
 EBV
 Varicella
MY LEG PARAparesis VEAP
53
Q

Vaccines that may cause HSP

A 
Cholera
Typhoid
Measles
Paratyphoid A,B
Yellow fever
54
Q

Drugs causing HSP

A 
Ampicillin
Erythromycin 
Penicillin
Quinidine
Quinine
55
Q

Renal involvement in HSP is more likely with

A

GIT involvement
Persistent rash (3months)
Episodic Purpura

56
Q

Renal manifestations of HSP

A

Bladder Wall hematoma
Ureteral calcification
Hydronephrosis
Urethritis

57
Q

Genital manifestation of HSP

A

Scrotal swelling

58
Q

Coagulation abnormalities in HSP

A

Decreased factor VIII, XIII

hypoprothrombinemia

59
Q

More common type of primary hyperoxaluria

A

Type 1

60
Q

Nephrocalcinosis

A 
Hyperparathyroidism
Hypervitaminosis D
Hypophosphatemic rickets
Dent disease
Multiple myeloma
Sarcoidosis
Milk alkali syndrome
Prolonged immobilisation
Hyperoxaluria 
Hyperuricosuria
Bartter
Liddle
Conn
11beta hydroxylase deficiency
RTA1
RENAL CANDIDIASIS
Cushing syndrome
Cortical necrosis
Medullary sponge kidney
Prolonged diuretic therapy in premature infant(or prolonged oxygen therapy)

Familial benign hypercalcemia and hyperthyroidism don’t cause nephrocalcinosis

61
Q

Most common cause of nephrocalcinosis in adults

A

Primary hyperparathyroidism

62
Q

Second most common cause of nephrocalcinosis

A

Distal RTA

63
Q

Site of ca++ deposition in Medullary sponge kidney

A

Inside collecting tubules

64
Q

Mechanism of nephrocalcinosis in hypokalemic states

A

Reduced urine citrate excretion

65
Q

Absence of which intestinal bacteria is associated with hyperoxaluria

A

Oxalobacter formigens

66
Q

Drugs causing hyperoxaluria

A

Methoxy flurane

Ethylene glycol

67
Q

Most common variety of oxaluria in pts with oxalate stones

A

Idiopathic hyperoxaluria

AIIMS (13 decks)

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