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AIIMS > 14.6.2013(pediatrics,vaccination)37 > Flashcards

14.6.2013(pediatrics,vaccination)37 Flashcards

0
Q

Contraindications to typhoid vaccine

A

Within 24 hours of antibiotic treatment
Immunosuppression
Pregnancy

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1
Q

Most common cause of persistent pneumonia in same lobe

A

Intraluminal obstruction(do bronchoscopy)

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2
Q

BCG vaccination

A

From birth to 2 weeks

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3
Q

OPV

A

At birth
6,10,14weeks
15-18months
5 years

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4
Q

DPT vaccine

A

6,10,14weeks
15-18months

In IAP schedule, DTWP/DTaP
DTaP can be given at 5yrs

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5
Q

Vaccine given at 10yrs of age

A

TT
dTaP
HPV

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6
Q

HPV schedule

A

0,1,6months

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7
Q

Rotavirus vaccine schedule

A

> 6weeks

2/3 doses at 4-8wks interval

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8
Q

PCV7 schedule

A

> 6weeks
6,10,14weeks
18months

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9
Q

Varicella schedule

A

13yrs two doses 4-8wks apart

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10
Q

Polyvalent vaccine

A

OPV

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11
Q

Combination vaccine

A

DPT

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12
Q

Hepatitis A

A

> 18months

2 doses at 6months interval

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13
Q

IPV indication

A

Immunodeficient children

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14
Q

Adjuvant for DPT

A

Aluminium hydroxide

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15
Q

Components of acellular pertussis

A

Pertactin
Filamentous heamagglutinin
Pertussis toxoid

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16
Q

GARDASIL

A

HPV 16,18,6,11

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17
Q

Cervarix

A

HPV 16,18

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18
Q

Vaccines that should be given after one to one discussion with parents

A

Rotavirus
PCV7
Varicella
HepatitisA

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19
Q

Rotarix 1st dose should be given within

A

3months

Intusucception if given later

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20
Q

Diluent for BCG

A

Normal saline

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21
Q

Distilled water is used as Diluent for

A

Measles or MMR

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22
Q

Measles vaccine after reconstitution should be used within

A

4hrs

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23
Q

Mantoux test becomes positive after

A

4-12wks after immunisation

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24
Q

Strain used for BCG vaccination

A

Danish 1331

Mycobacterium BOVIS

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25
Q

BCG Vaccine stored in

A

Amber coloured vials

Freezer compartment

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26
Q

Dose of BCG vaccine

A

0.1ml Intradermal

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27
Q

Age limit for BCG vaccine

A

No upper limit

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28
Q

No scar develops after BCG..should the child be revaccinated

A

No

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29
Q

BCG protects against

A

Milliary
Meningeal TB

not against pulmonary TB and other mycobacterial species

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30
Q

Rx of BCG lymphadenitis

A

NO ATT

If abscess develops,Sx alone

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31
Q

A child with previous H/O febrile convulsions..Can DPT vaccine be given

A

Yes

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32
Q

Route of administration of measles vaccine

A

I.m or subcutaneous

Rt upper arm

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33
Q

Adjuvant in hepatitis B

A

Aluminium phosphate

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34
Q

Preservative in hepatitis B

A

Thiomersal(also for DPT)

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35
Q

Vaccine contraindicated in pts allergic to neomycin

A

MMR

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36
Q

mOPV

A

Monovalent OPV

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37
Q

IPV composition

A

20,2,4 units

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38
Q

eIPV composition

A

40,8,32

Only two doses needed

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39
Q

Contraindications to first dose of DPT

A

Progressive neurological disease

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40
Q

Contraindications to second dose of DPT

A 
Convulsions within 72 hours
Encephalopathy within 7 days
High fever (>105 C)
High pitched cry for more than 3 hours
Hypotensive hyporessponsive episodes
Anaphylaxis

Acellular pertussis has no contraindication

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41
Q

Heat sensitivity of vaccines

A
  1. BCG(after reconstitution)
  2. OPV
  3. measles
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42
Q

Vaccines that should not be freezed

A
  1. DPT
  2. DT
  3. TT
  4. hepatitis B
43
Q

Route of administration of DPT

A

0.5ml I.m

Anterolateral aspect of thigh

44
Q

Immunity provided by DPT

A

100% for tetanus

80% for diphtheria and pertussis

45
Q

Reyes syndrome may occur after which vaccination

A

DPT

46
Q

Contraindications of measles vaccine

A

Pregnancy
Immunocompromised
Steroids
Acute illness

47
Q

Contraindications to BCG vaccine

A

Immunosuppression

HIV

48
Q

Vaccines which can be self reported(no need of documentation of immunisation)

A

Influenza

PPV

49
Q

Vaccines which should not be given on same day

A

BCG

measles/MMR

50
Q

Live vaccines that can be given at anytime

A

OPV
Typhoral
Rotavirus

RTO

51
Q

Live Vaccines that can be either given on same day or only after 4weeks

A

MMR
varicella
Yellow fever
Influenza

IVY MMR

52
Q

Live vaccines that should not be given with antibody containing products

A

Varicella

Measles

53
Q

When can polysaccharide vaccines be given

A

Only after 2 yrs

54
Q

Indications for pneumococcal vaccine

A 
CSF leak
Cochlear implants
Diabetes mellitus and inborn errors of metabolism
Asplenia
Sickle cell disease
Immunocompromised 
Chronic pulmonary disease
Hemodynamically significant heart disease
Chronic renal dysfunction
Nephrotic syndrome in remission
55
Q

VVM color,contraindications for administration

A

If the color matches or darker than the outer circle

56
Q

Shake test is done for which vaccines

A 
T series vaccine containing aluminium adjuvant 
DPT
DT
TT
Typhoid Vi
Hepatitis B
57
Q

Storage temperature for BCG,OPV,MMR/measles

A

-20 C

58
Q

When can live vaccines be given to children on steroids

A

1 month after discontinuation of steroids

Contraindicated only if child was taking more than 2mg/kg

59
Q

Vaccines that are given for adolescents

A 
Tdap/Td
MMR
Hep B
Typhoid
HPV
Hepatitis A
Varicella
60
Q

Vaccination in hemophiliacs

A

Subcutaneous vaccines can be given

Aluminium adjuvant vaccines that can be given only intramuscularly are given after factor replacement

61
Q

Vaccine contraindicated in lactating women

A

Yellow fever

62
Q

If a pregnant women is inadvertently vaccinated by live vaccines..what should be done?

A

No need to terminate pregnancy

63
Q

Vaccination of elderly

A

> 65yrs
Annual influenza
Single dose of PPV23

64
Q

Strain of varicella vaccine

A

OKA strain

65
Q

Mumps strain used for vaccine production

A

Hoshino
Torii
NKM-46

Rubini not recommended

66
Q

HiB is conjugated to which protein antigens

A

TT
DT
meningo OMP

67
Q

Indications for Japanese encephalitis vaccine

A

Children btw 1-10 yrs living in highly endemic areas

68
Q

Storage of vaccines,freezer

A

OPV
MMR
measles

69
Q

Storage of vaccines,top shelf

A

BCG,MMR,measles

70
Q

Storage of vaccines,middle shelf

A 
DTP
DT
TT
typhoid
Hepatitis A
Hib
71
Q

Storage of vaccines,lower shelf

A

Hepatitis B

Varicella

72
Q

Least effective vaccine

A

BCG 0-80%

73
Q

Second least effective vaccine

A

Typhoid Vi polysaccharide vaccine

74
Q

Most effective live vaccine

A

Varicella

75
Q

Live attenuated vaccines

A 
Rubella
OPV
Measles
Epidemic typhus
Influenza
Mumps
BCG
Plague
Typhoid oral
Yellow fever

ROME Is My Best Place To go Yet

76
Q

Protein content in human milk

A 
1.1g
Cow milk(3g)
77
Q

Fat content in breast milk

A

4.5g

Same as cow milk

78
Q

Lactose content in breast milk

A

7g

Cow milk(4.5g)

79
Q

Solute load in breast milk

A

Less than cow milk

80
Q

Breast milk is deficient in

A

Vit-D
Fluorine
Vitamin K

Don F Kennedy

81
Q

Composition of human milk protein

A

80% whey protein- lactalbumin and lactoferrin

Cow milk(80% caesin)

82
Q

Essential fatty acids are more in which milk

A

Breast

83
Q

Essential aminoacids in newborn babies

A

Tyrosine
Cysteine
Arginine
More in breast milk

84
Q

Sweetest milk

A

Human milk followed by ass milk

85
Q

Predominant breast feeding

A

Breast milk+ water based drinks

86
Q

Foremilk characteristics

A

Watery
Satisfies babies thirst
Rich in proteins,sugar,vitamins,minerals and water

87
Q

Hindmilk characteristics

A

Satisfies baby’s hunger
Rich in fat
Provides more energy

88
Q

Preterm milk is high in

A 
Fat
Energy
Protein
Sodium
Iron 
Anti infective factors
Zinc

FEPSI-Z

89
Q

Preterm milk is low in

A

Lactose
Calcium
Phosphorus

90
Q

Contraindications to breast feeding

A 
Congenital lactose intolerance
PKU
galactosemia
Anti thyroid drugs(except PTU)
Li
Isoniazid
Anti cancer drugs
91
Q

PABA in breast milk protects against

A

Malaria

92
Q

Glycosaminoglycans in breast milk protects against

A

HIV

93
Q

Lipases in breast milk protects against

A

Bile salt stimulated lipase
Lipoprotein lipase

Amoeba and giardia

94
Q

Peroxidases in breast milk protects against

A

Bacterial infection

95
Q

Protective factor in breast milk against e.coli

A

Bifidus factor
Lactoferrin
Lactobacillus

96
Q

Cause of death in ARPKD during neonatal period

A

Pulmonary hypoplasia

97
Q

ARPKD chr?

A

Chr 16

98
Q

Urinalysis in ARPKD

A

RBCs,no casts

Tubular proteinuria

99
Q

Age of onset of ITP

A

Acute(2-4yrs)

Chronic(less than 1or greater 10)

100
Q

Risk factors for ITP

A 
Acute(viral infections)
Chronic
 Immunodeficiencies 
 Autoimmune
 Neoplasia
101
Q

Most common cause of thrombocytopenia in childhood

A

ITP

102
Q

Peripheral smear in ITP

A

Megathrombocytes

103
Q

Stabilising agent in OPV vaccine

A

Mgcl

104
Q

Management of ITP

A 
Plt count less than 20,000 without bleeding(IVIG)
With bleeding(IVIG+prednisone)

AIIMS (13 decks)

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