14.6.2013(pediatrics,vaccination)37 Flashcards
0
Q
Contraindications to typhoid vaccine
A
Within 24 hours of antibiotic treatment
Immunosuppression
Pregnancy
1
Q
Most common cause of persistent pneumonia in same lobe
A
Intraluminal obstruction(do bronchoscopy)
2
Q
BCG vaccination
A
From birth to 2 weeks
3
Q
OPV
A
At birth
6,10,14weeks
15-18months
5 years
4
Q
DPT vaccine
A
6,10,14weeks
15-18months
In IAP schedule, DTWP/DTaP
DTaP can be given at 5yrs
5
Q
Vaccine given at 10yrs of age
A
TT
dTaP
HPV
6
Q
HPV schedule
A
0,1,6months
7
Q
Rotavirus vaccine schedule
A
> 6weeks
2/3 doses at 4-8wks interval
8
Q
PCV7 schedule
A
> 6weeks
6,10,14weeks
18months
9
Q
Varicella schedule
A
13yrs two doses 4-8wks apart
10
Q
Polyvalent vaccine
A
OPV
11
Q
Combination vaccine
A
DPT
12
Q
Hepatitis A
A
> 18months
2 doses at 6months interval
13
Q
IPV indication
A
Immunodeficient children
14
Q
Adjuvant for DPT
A
Aluminium hydroxide
15
Q
Components of acellular pertussis
A
Pertactin
Filamentous heamagglutinin
Pertussis toxoid
16
Q
GARDASIL
A
HPV 16,18,6,11
17
Q
Cervarix
A
HPV 16,18
18
Q
Vaccines that should be given after one to one discussion with parents
A
Rotavirus
PCV7
Varicella
HepatitisA
19
Q
Rotarix 1st dose should be given within
A
3months
Intusucception if given later
20
Q
Diluent for BCG
A
Normal saline
21
Q
Distilled water is used as Diluent for
A
Measles or MMR
22
Q
Measles vaccine after reconstitution should be used within
A
4hrs
23
Q
Mantoux test becomes positive after
A
4-12wks after immunisation
24
Strain used for BCG vaccination
Danish 1331
| Mycobacterium BOVIS
25
BCG Vaccine stored in
Amber coloured vials
| Freezer compartment
26
Dose of BCG vaccine
0.1ml Intradermal
27
Age limit for BCG vaccine
No upper limit
28
No scar develops after BCG..should the child be revaccinated
No
29
BCG protects against
Milliary
Meningeal TB
not against pulmonary TB and other mycobacterial species
30
Rx of BCG lymphadenitis
NO ATT
If abscess develops,Sx alone
31
A child with previous H/O febrile convulsions..Can DPT vaccine be given
Yes
32
Route of administration of measles vaccine
I.m or subcutaneous
| Rt upper arm
33
Adjuvant in hepatitis B
Aluminium phosphate
34
Preservative in hepatitis B
Thiomersal(also for DPT)
35
Vaccine contraindicated in pts allergic to neomycin
MMR
36
mOPV
Monovalent OPV
37
IPV composition
20,2,4 units
38
eIPV composition
40,8,32
| Only two doses needed
39
Contraindications to first dose of DPT
Progressive neurological disease
40
Contraindications to second dose of DPT
```
Convulsions within 72 hours
Encephalopathy within 7 days
High fever (>105 C)
High pitched cry for more than 3 hours
Hypotensive hyporessponsive episodes
Anaphylaxis
```
Acellular pertussis has no contraindication
41
Heat sensitivity of vaccines
1. BCG(after reconstitution)
2. OPV
3. measles
42
Vaccines that should not be freezed
1. DPT
2. DT
3. TT
4. hepatitis B
43
Route of administration of DPT
0.5ml I.m
| Anterolateral aspect of thigh
44
Immunity provided by DPT
100% for tetanus
| 80% for diphtheria and pertussis
45
Reyes syndrome may occur after which vaccination
DPT
46
Contraindications of measles vaccine
Pregnancy
Immunocompromised
Steroids
Acute illness
47
Contraindications to BCG vaccine
Immunosuppression
| HIV
48
Vaccines which can be self reported(no need of documentation of immunisation)
Influenza
| PPV
49
Vaccines which should not be given on same day
BCG
| measles/MMR
50
Live vaccines that can be given at anytime
OPV
Typhoral
Rotavirus
RTO
51
Live Vaccines that can be either given on same day or only after 4weeks
MMR
varicella
Yellow fever
Influenza
IVY MMR
52
Live vaccines that should not be given with antibody containing products
Varicella
| Measles
53
When can polysaccharide vaccines be given
Only after 2 yrs
54
Indications for pneumococcal vaccine
```
CSF leak
Cochlear implants
Diabetes mellitus and inborn errors of metabolism
Asplenia
Sickle cell disease
Immunocompromised
Chronic pulmonary disease
Hemodynamically significant heart disease
Chronic renal dysfunction
Nephrotic syndrome in remission
```
55
VVM color,contraindications for administration
If the color matches or darker than the outer circle
56
Shake test is done for which vaccines
```
T series vaccine containing aluminium adjuvant
DPT
DT
TT
Typhoid Vi
Hepatitis B
```
57
Storage temperature for BCG,OPV,MMR/measles
-20 C
58
When can live vaccines be given to children on steroids
1 month after discontinuation of steroids
Contraindicated only if child was taking more than 2mg/kg
59
Vaccines that are given for adolescents
```
Tdap/Td
MMR
Hep B
Typhoid
HPV
Hepatitis A
Varicella
```
60
Vaccination in hemophiliacs
Subcutaneous vaccines can be given
| Aluminium adjuvant vaccines that can be given only intramuscularly are given after factor replacement
61
Vaccine contraindicated in lactating women
Yellow fever
62
If a pregnant women is inadvertently vaccinated by live vaccines..what should be done?
No need to terminate pregnancy
63
Vaccination of elderly
>65yrs
Annual influenza
Single dose of PPV23
64
Strain of varicella vaccine
OKA strain
65
Mumps strain used for vaccine production
Hoshino
Torii
NKM-46
Rubini not recommended
66
HiB is conjugated to which protein antigens
TT
DT
meningo OMP
67
Indications for Japanese encephalitis vaccine
Children btw 1-10 yrs living in highly endemic areas
68
Storage of vaccines,freezer
OPV
MMR
measles
69
Storage of vaccines,top shelf
BCG,MMR,measles
70
Storage of vaccines,middle shelf
```
DTP
DT
TT
typhoid
Hepatitis A
Hib
```
71
Storage of vaccines,lower shelf
Hepatitis B
| Varicella
72
Least effective vaccine
BCG 0-80%
73
Second least effective vaccine
Typhoid Vi polysaccharide vaccine
74
Most effective live vaccine
Varicella
75
Live attenuated vaccines
```
Rubella
OPV
Measles
Epidemic typhus
Influenza
Mumps
BCG
Plague
Typhoid oral
Yellow fever
```
ROME Is My Best Place To go Yet
76
Protein content in human milk
```
1.1g
Cow milk(3g)
```
77
Fat content in breast milk
4.5g
Same as cow milk
78
Lactose content in breast milk
7g
Cow milk(4.5g)
79
Solute load in breast milk
Less than cow milk
80
Breast milk is deficient in
Vit-D
Fluorine
Vitamin K
Don F Kennedy
81
Composition of human milk protein
80% whey protein- lactalbumin and lactoferrin
Cow milk(80% caesin)
82
Essential fatty acids are more in which milk
Breast
83
Essential aminoacids in newborn babies
Tyrosine
Cysteine
Arginine
More in breast milk
84
Sweetest milk
Human milk followed by ass milk
85
Predominant breast feeding
Breast milk+ water based drinks
86
Foremilk characteristics
Watery
Satisfies babies thirst
Rich in proteins,sugar,vitamins,minerals and water
87
Hindmilk characteristics
Satisfies baby's hunger
Rich in fat
Provides more energy
88
Preterm milk is high in
```
Fat
Energy
Protein
Sodium
Iron
Anti infective factors
Zinc
```
FEPSI-Z
89
Preterm milk is low in
Lactose
Calcium
Phosphorus
90
Contraindications to breast feeding
```
Congenital lactose intolerance
PKU
galactosemia
Anti thyroid drugs(except PTU)
Li
Isoniazid
Anti cancer drugs
```
91
PABA in breast milk protects against
Malaria
92
Glycosaminoglycans in breast milk protects against
HIV
93
Lipases in breast milk protects against
Bile salt stimulated lipase
Lipoprotein lipase
Amoeba and giardia
94
Peroxidases in breast milk protects against
Bacterial infection
95
Protective factor in breast milk against e.coli
Bifidus factor
Lactoferrin
Lactobacillus
96
Cause of death in ARPKD during neonatal period
Pulmonary hypoplasia
97
ARPKD chr?
Chr 16
98
Urinalysis in ARPKD
RBCs,no casts
| Tubular proteinuria
99
Age of onset of ITP
Acute(2-4yrs)
| Chronic(less than 1or greater 10)
100
Risk factors for ITP
```
Acute(viral infections)
Chronic
Immunodeficiencies
Autoimmune
Neoplasia
```
101
Most common cause of thrombocytopenia in childhood
ITP
102
Peripheral smear in ITP
Megathrombocytes
103
Stabilising agent in OPV vaccine
Mgcl
104
Management of ITP
```
Plt count less than 20,000 without bleeding(IVIG)
With bleeding(IVIG+prednisone)
```
