2.7 Memory | Misleading Information

Question 1

What is EWT?

Answer 1

Ability of people to remember the details of one event which they observed. The accuracy of an EWT canoe affected by misleading info and anxiety

Question 2

What is misleading info?

Answer 2

Incorrect info giving to the EW usually after the event. Takes the form of leading questions and post-event discussion between co-witnesses and others

Question 3

What is a leading question?

Answer 3

A questions bc of the way that it is phrased suggests a certain answer

Question 4

Who were the key psychologists for leading questions?

Answer 4

Loftus and Palmer

Question 5

What was the procedure of Loftus and Palmer’s research?

Answer 5

45 people watched a clip of a car accident and then were asked questions on it

Question 6

What was the details about the research of L and P?

Answer 6

There were 5 groups each with a different verb: hit, contacted, bumped, smashed and collided

Question 7

What were the findings of L and P’s research?

Answer 7

The mean estimated speed calculated for contacted was 31.8mph and for smashed it was 40.5 mph

Question 8

What is the response-bias explanation?

Answer 8

Wording of question has no real effect on memories, it just influences how they decide to answer

Question 9

How did L and P provide evidence against the response-bias explanation?

Answer 9

They found that when they asked people about the clip those who heard the verb smashed were more likely to comment on glass smashed which wasnt even there

Question 10

What is post-event discussion?

Answer 10

Occurs when there is more than one witness and they discuss what they saw which may affect the accuracy of their testimonies

Question 11

Who was the key psychologist for PED?

Answer 11

Gabbert et al

Question 12

What was the procedure?

Answer 12

Pairs watched a crime but from different angles within which they both commented individually on what they saw before asked to recall

Question 13

What were the findings of this research?

Answer 13

71% of the participants mistakenly recalled aspects of the event that they did not see in the video - MEMORY CONFORMITY

Control group 0%

Question 14

What are the two ways that PED affects EWT?

Answer 14

Memory conformity
Memory contamination

Question 15

What is memory conformity?

Answer 15

Going along with each other in order to gain social approval/believe correct
Actual memory is unchanged

Question 16

What is memory contamination?

Answer 16

EWT become altered and distorted
Misinformation from other eyewitnesses combined with their own memories.