26.4 Carboxylic acid derivatives

Question 1

what is the functional group of an ester?

Answer 1

COO

Question 2

carboxylic acid + alcohol

Answer 2

ester + water

Question 3

how do you name an ester?

Answer 3

alcohol group is prefix
carboxylic acid group is suffix

Question 4

propanoic acid + ethanol

Answer 4

ethyl propanoate

Question 5

what is hydrolysis?

Answer 5

chemical breakdown of a compound by adding water

Question 6

what are the conditions for acid hydrolysis?

Answer 6

heated under reflux
H₃PO₄ catalyst
H₂O

Question 7

what are the products of the acid hydrolysis of an ester?

Answer 7

carboxylic acid + alcohol

Question 8

what are the conditions for alkali hydrolysis?

Answer 8

heated under reflux
OH- ions

Question 9

what are the products of the alkali hydrolysis of an ester?

Answer 9

carboxylate ion + alcohol

Question 10

alkali hydrolysis of methyl ethanoate

Answer 10

Question 11

what is the reactant needed to form an acyl chloride from a carboxylic acid?

Answer 11

SOCl₂

Question 12

carboxylic acid + SOCl₂

Answer 12

acyl chloride + SO₂ + HCl

Question 13

propanoic acid + SOCl2

Answer 13

Question 14

acyl chloride + alcohol

Answer 14

ester + HCl

Question 15

ethanoyl chloride + propan-1-ol

Answer 15

Question 16

acyl chloride + phenol

Answer 16

phenyl ester + HCl

Question 17

ethanoyl chloride + phenol

Answer 17

Question 18

acyl chloride + water

Answer 18

carboxylic acid + HCl

Question 19

ethanoyl chloride + water

Answer 19

Question 20

acyl chloride + ammonia

Answer 20

primary amide + NH₄Cl

Question 21

acyl chloride + primary amine

Answer 21

secondary amide + alkyl chloride

Question 22

acid anhydride + phenol

Answer 22

phenyl ester + ethanoic acid

Question 23

why can’t a carboxylic acid react with a phenol?

Answer 23

they are both weak acids

Question 24

order of reactivity of derivatives

Answer 24

acyl chloride
acid anhydride
carboxylic acid