26 fire protection

Question 1

what are main ways of fire detection

Answer 1

visual observation
overheat detector
smoke detector

Question 2

where are fire zones and what must they have?

Answer 2

zones must be equiped with fire detection and relief equipment

power plant compartment
APU compartment
combustion compartment

Question 3

what are the cargo compartment classifications

Answer 3

Class A: location with a lot of people for detection and system to extinguish
Class B: easy access, equipped with smoke detector
Class C: areas requiring smoke detection and extinguishing equipment
Class D: areas that can contain fire without dangering aircraft

Question 4

areas which require smoke detection equipment

Answer 4

lavatories, avionics bay, landing gear compartment

Question 5

what are the types of overheat detection systems

Answer 5

• fire detection
  
  • overheat detection
    
    • discrete detection (thermocouples)
    • continuous loop detection
      
      • electrical
        
        • averaging
        • discrete
      • pneumatic

Question 6

where are overheat detection systems used?

Answer 6

engines, APU compartment, bleed air ducts, landing gear bay

Question 7

what are the two main types of smoke detectors

Answer 7

ionization (byproducts of combustion)

photoelectric (light attenuation, refraction..), industry standard

Question 8

where is smoke detection used

Answer 8

cargo compartment, avionics bay, lavatories, galleys

Question 9

what are the fire classifications

Answer 9

Class A: fires from solid combustable materials
Class B: fires from liquids, gas, oil, paint
Class C: fires from electronic equipment

Question 10

what are the type of extinguishers and the types of fires they are used on?

Answer 10

Water: used on A, counterproductive to B, can’t use on C

CO2: used on C (deprives of oxygen which is bad for PAX

Halon: most common use (now with high discharge rate) (removes ozone -> will need to be replaced)

dry chemical: A B or C. reduces visibility and is nonconductive which can inhibit connections

Question 11

what is the process for engine fire extinguishing

Answer 11

step 1: engine turned off

step 2: engine filled (via pressure lines) with extinguishing agenet

step 3: after time (30s) a second line and extinguishing agent is deployed if needed

Question 12

where is extinguishing agent stored?

Answer 12

cylindrical pressure vessels

Question 13

how do APU and engine extinguishing differ

Answer 13

same but apu only needs one bottle of extinguishing agent

Question 14

cargo compartent fire extinguishing workings

Answer 14

• sphere with Halon 1301

- keep fire from recombusting for 60 min or longer for ETOPS

Question 15

how many fire extinguishers are in each lavatory

Answer 15

one per recepticle.