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Pharmacology > 251-300 > Flashcards

251-300 Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following is classified as glycine re-uptake inhibitor?
A. Ethanol
B. Picrotoxin
C. Clozapine
D. Propofol
E. D-serine

A

Clozapine

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2
Q

Which of the following causes metabolic alkalosis?
A. Administration of diuretics
B. Administration of sodium bicarbonate
C. Vomiting
D. Magnesium deficiency
E. All of the above

A

(All of the above)
A. Administration of diuretics
B. Administration of sodium bicarbonate
C. Vomiting
D. Magnesium deficiency

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3
Q

Which of the following substance causes hypercalcemia?
A. Aminoglycosides
B. Furosemide
C. Ethanol
D. Bisphosphonates
E. Lithuim

A

Lithium

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4
Q

Which of the following substance causes hypocalcemia?
A. Vitamin A
B. Tamoxifen
C. Androgens
D. Calcitonin
E. Glucocorticoids

A

Calcitonin

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5
Q

Toxic epidermal necrolysis is a rare lifethreatening dermatologic emergency and medications are causally implicated in 80%-90% of cases. Which of the following drugs causes toxic epidermal necrolysis?
A. Allopurinol
B. Acetaminophen
C. Picrotoxin
D. Nickel
E. None of the above

A

Allopurinol

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6
Q

CNS toxin found in Artemisia absinthium
A. Ephedra
B. Nicotine
C. atropine
D. absinthe
E. Scopolamine

A

absinthe

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7
Q

CNS toxin found in Areca catechu
A. Ephedra
B. atropine
C. absinthe
D. Scopolamine
E. Arecholine

A

Arecholine

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8
Q

It is extracted from the fruit of the evergreen Myristica fragrans and it is the main active ingredient in myristicin.
A. Nutmeg
B. Pine oil
C. Wintergreen
D. Clove
E. Camphor

A

Nutmeg

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9
Q

Toxic ingredient found in Bufo gangarizan
A. Anthraquinones
B. Coumarin
C. Bufadienolides
D. Arecholine
E. Amygdalin

A

Bifadienolides

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10
Q

Classic description of chronic intake of this antibiotic is the “gray baby syndrome” which is characterized by vomiting, anorexia, respiratory distress, abdominal distention, green stools and cyanosis. This is syndrome is caused by
A. Tetracycline
B. Chloramphenicol
C. Erythromycin
D. Sulfonamides
E. Vancomycin

A

Chloramphenicol

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11
Q

The following management/s is done to patient suspected of overdose of proguanil or pyrimethamine EXCEPT:
A. Folate supplementation
B. administration of methylene blue for methemoglobinemia
C. administration of cimetidine to prevent the conversion to a toxic metabolite
D. administration of multiple dose of charcoal to enhance it elimination
E. All of the above

A

(All of the above)
A. Folate supplementation
B. administration of methylene blue for methemoglobinemia
C. administration of cimetidine to prevent
the conversion to a toxic metabolite
D. administration of multiple dose of
charcoal to enhance it elimination

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12
Q

Whole bowel irrigation is the most effective process for evacuating the intestinal tract in poisoned patients. Which of the following conditions wherein whole bowel irrigation is contraindicated?
A. GI perforation
B. Volume depletion
C. GI haemorrhage
D. Compromised airway
E. All of the above

A

(All of the above)
A. GI perforation
B. Volume depletion
C. GI haemorrhage
D. Compromised airway

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13
Q

Which of the following is true with dosage of syrup of ipecac?
A. For children 1-12 years old the dose is
15ml
B. For older children and adult the dose
is 30ml
C. For children 6-12 mos of age dose
should be limited to a maximum single
dose of 10ml
D. If vomiting does not ensure after the
first dose, the same dose may be
repeated once in 20-30min.
E. All of the above

A

E. All of the above

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14
Q

Antibotic that causes aplastic anemia
A. Tetracycline
B. Erythromycin
C. Vancomycin
D. Chloramphenicol
E. Amikacin

A

Chloramphenicol

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15
Q

It is hygroscopic polysaccharide derived from the bean of the cyamopsis psorabides. It expands 10-20 fold in the stomach, forming a gelatinous mass that produces the senasation of satiety.
A. Guar gum
B. Chitosan
C. Dinitrophenol
D. Xenical
E. none of the above

A

Guar gum

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16
Q

Antidote for APAP toxicity
A. Activated charcoal
B. NAC
C. PAM
D. Oxime
E. Ipecac

A

NAC

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17
Q

Which of the following causes a brownblack urine?
A. Cascara
B. Iron
C. Metyldopa
D. Senna
E. All of the above

A

All of the above

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18
Q

Which of the following drugs causes cataracts?
A. Acetazolamide
B. Amiodarone
C. Chlorpromazine
D. Corticosteroids
E. Cisplatin

A

Corticosteroids

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19
Q

Which of the following antibiotics causes disulfiram like effects?
A. Cefotetan
B. Metronidazole
C. Co-trimoxazole
D. Moxalactam
E. all of the above

A

(All of the above)
A. Cefotetan
B. Metronidazole
C. Co-trimoxazole
D. Moxalactam

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20
Q

Methamphetamine is also known as
A. Crack
B. Speed
C. Yaba
D. Go
E. All of the above

A

(All of the above)

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21
Q

Food interaction occur when pharmacologically active dietary monoamines such as tyramine is ingested by patients taking MAOIs. Which of the following foods has the highest tyramine effect?
A. Yogurt
B. Avocados
C. Redwines
D. Aged, mature cheese
E. Smoked meats or fish

A

Aged, mature cheese

22
Q

It is rapidly acting antidote used for reversing the anticoagulant effects of unfractionated heparin and for some of the effects of LMWH.
A. Vitamin K
B. Protamine
C. Hirudin
D. Tissue plasminogen activator
E. None of the above

A

Protamine

23
Q

It is polypeptide produced by the salivary glands of the medicinal leech, hirudo medicinalis that reversibly blocks thrombin without the need for antithrombin III.
A. Hirudin
B. Heparin
C. Protamine
D. Warfarin
E. None of the above

A

Hirudin

24
Q

Thimerosal is an organic compound that approximately contains 49% by weight of:
A. Hg
B. Ag
C. S
D. Al
E. None of the above

A

Hg

25
Q

This drug is known as “soda loading”. It buffers the lactic acidosis caused by exercise, thereby delaying fatigue and enhancing performance.
A. Caffeine
B. Calcuim hydroxide
C. Diuretics
D. Amphetamines
E. Sodium bicarbonate

A

Sodium bicarbonate

26
Q

This is used in sports in which the athlete must achieve a certain weight to complete in discrete weight classes. It is used by body builders to give their skin a greater definition as this causes the skin to draw tightly around the muscles.
A. Amphetamine
B. Sodium carbonate
C. Diuretics
D. Caffeine
E. None of the above

A

Diuretics

27
Q

This vitamin reduces iron from ferric to the ferrous state, thereby increasing intestinal absorption of iron.

A. Vitamin A
B. Vitamin B
C. Vitamin C
D. Vitamin D
E. Vitamin E

A

Vitamin C

28
Q

it is colorless, oily liquid with a faint aromatic odor that Is commonly added to pharmaceutical products as a bacteriostatic agent. It causes “gasping syndrome” in infants which is the characteristized by hypotension bradycardia, gasping respiration seizures, cardiovascular collapsed and death.
A. Chlorobutanol
B. PEG
C. Propylene glycol
D. Ethylene glycol
E. Benzyl alcohol

A

Benzyl alcohol

29
Q

Patient taking rifampicin in combination with isoniazid develops what type of toxicity?
A. Nephrotoxicity
B. Ototoxicity
C. Neurotoxicity
D. Hepatotoxicity
E. None of the above

A

Hepatotoxicity

30
Q

Which of the following drugs causes “red man red neck syndrome”?
A. Sulfonamides
B. amphotericin B
C. Vancomycin
D. Erythromycin
E. None of the above

A

Vancomycin

31
Q

An antimycobacterial agent that is classified as congener of INH and have the same mechanism of action with INH.
A. Capreomycin
B. Ethionamide
C. Para-aminosalicylic acid
D. Isoniazid
E. Pyrazinamide

A

Ethionamide

32
Q

Pyridoxine is a water soluble vitamin that is used as antidote for which of the following poisoning?
A. INH
B. Ethylene glycol
C. PZA
D. A and B
E. A and C

A

(A and B)
A. INH
B. Ethylene glycol

33
Q

Which of the following statements is CORRECT about methemoglobinemia?
A. Methemoglobinemia occurs when the iron atom in haemomoglobin loses 2 electron to an oxidant
B. Methemoglobinemia when ferrous state of iron is transformed into the ferric state.
C. Methemoglobinemia is normally present in the body at high concentration
D. Both A and B
E. Both B and C

A

Methemoglobinemia when ferrous state of iron is transformed into the ferric state

34
Q

It is used in the treatment of aniline induced Methemoglobinemia
A. Methylene blue
B. Glucagon
C. Oximes
D. PAM
E. EDTA

A

Methylene blue

35
Q

The following are example of chemical asphyxiants EXCEPT
A. Carbon monoxide
B. Carbon dioxide
C. Hydrogen sulphide
D. Oxides of nitrogen
E. Hydrogen cyanide

A

Carbon dioxide

36
Q

Toxic combustion product that exert a space-occupying effect simply displacing oxygen
A. Chemical asphyxiants
B. Simple asphyxiants
C. irritant
D. A and B
E. All of the above

A

Simple asphyxiants

37
Q

Q fever occurs naturally as a self limited febrile, zoonotic disease contracted from domestic livestock. Q fever I classified as biological warfare agent and is now known to caused by
A. Coxiella burnetti
B. Brucalla melitensis
C. Baciilus anthracis
D. Yersinia pestis
E. None of the above

A

Coxiella burnetti

38
Q

It is anti-muscarinic compound that was developed as an incapacitating chemical warfare agent. It is 25-fold more potent centrally than atropine.
A. BZ
B. QNB
C. 3-quinuclidinyl benzilate
D. A and B only
E. All of the above

A

All of the above
A. BZ
B. QNB
C. 3-quinuclidinyl benzilate

39
Q

Vesicants are agents that cause blistering of skin and mucous membrane. Which of the following is classified as vesicants but does not cause vesiculation of the skin?
A. Sulphur mustard
B. Lewisite
C. Phosgene oxime
D. Cyanide
E. None of the above

A

Phosgene oxime

40
Q

BAL should be administered through
A. IV
B. IM
C. SQ
D. Oral
E. A and B only

A

IM

41
Q

What specific element is present in dimercaprol?
A. Magnesium
B. Sulfur
C. Iron
D. manganese
E. None of the above

A

Sulfur

42
Q

It is active substance in the Chinese plant Ma-huang has been used for the treatment of asthma.
A. Khat
B. Cathionone
C. Methcathinone
D. Ephedrine
E. None of the above

A

Ephedrine

43
Q

An extrapyrimidal syndrome that occurs 3 months to years after taking an antipsychotic drug it is characterized by involuntary choreiform movements like buccolinguomasticatory movements
A. Acute dystonia
B. Akathisia
C. Parkinsonism
D. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
E. Tardive dyskinesia

A

Tardive dyskinesia

44
Q

It is one of the extrapyrimadal syndromes characterized by restlessness and inability to
sit still
A. Acute dystonia
B. Akathisia
C. Parkinsonism
D. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
E. Tardive dyskinesia

A

Akathisia

45
Q

It is one of the extrapyramidal syndromes characterized by sustained, involuntary muscle contraction, torticollis, including blephaospasm and oculogyric crisis.
A. Acute dystonia
B. Akathisia
C. Parkinsonism
D. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
E. Tardive dyskinesia

A

Acute dystonia

46
Q

It is hydantoin derivative and structurally similar to local anesthetics that is used for the treatment of malignant hyperthermia.
A. Phenytoin
B. Diazepam
C. Dantrolene
D. Phenobarbital
E. Tensilon

A

Dantrolene

47
Q

It is the drug of choice for beta adrenergic antagonist poisoning
A. Propranolol
B. Atropine
C. Glucagon
D. Ethanol
E. Valium

A

Glucagon

48
Q

Ipecac is derived from rhizome and roots of plants found in Brazil belonging to the family Rubiaceae. Which of the following substance is/are responsible for the production of nausea and vomiting of ipecac syrup?
A. Cephaelin
B. Emetine
C. Scopolamine
D. A and B only
E. B and C only

A

A. Cephaelin
B. Emetine

49
Q

Contraindicated of syrup of ipecac
A. The patient is younger than 6 month of age
B. Ingestion of caustic poison
C. Ingestion of a foreign body such as a drug packet or sharp item
D. The patient does not meet the criteria for gastric emptying
E. All of the above

A

(All of the above)
A. The patient is younger than 6 month of age
B. Ingestion of caustic poison
C. Ingestion of a foreign body such as a drug packet or sharp item
D. The patient does not meet the criteria for gastric emptying

50
Q

Gastric emptying may be indicated if
A. Significant spontaneous emesis has occured
B. The ingested poison has a high efficient antidote
C. the patient presents many hours post ingestion
D. The ingested poison is well adsorbed activated charcoal
E. None of the above

A

(All of the above)
A. Significant spontaneous emesis has occured
B. The ingested poison has a high efficient antidote
C. the patient presents many hours post ingestion
D. The ingested poison is well adsorbed activated charcoal

Pharmacology (6 decks)

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