25)Vitamins Flashcards
Vitamins
Vital nutrients for organisms
Essential vitamins ⇢ Cannot be synthesised
2 classes of vitamin
- H2O soluble ⇢ B + C
- FAT soluble ⇢ A + D + E + K
H2O soluble
B-complex ⇢ Energy releasing, Hemopoietic, Other
- B1 - Thiamine
- B2 - Riboflavin
- B3 - Nicotinamide
- B5 - Pantothenic acid
- B6 - Pyridoxine
- B7 - Folic acid
Non - B complex = vitamin C
B1 - Thiamine
Used for metabolism of carbs + alcohol
Important for nerve cell functioning
Source ⇢ Wheat, Beans, Fish, Meats
B1 Deficiencies:
- Eye disorders
- Beri-beri disease
B2 - Riboflavin
Helps process Amino Acids, Fats + Converts carbs into ATP
Sources ⇢ milk + cheese
Deficiency cause:
- Blurred vision
- Dermatitis
B3 - Nicotinamide
For cell respiration, normal fluid secretion + NS functioning
Source - meat
Deficiency = mental disorders
Vitamin C
- Bile formation
- Helps immune system
- Antioxidant property
Sources ⇢ citrus + fruits
Deficiency = scurvy
FAT soluble ⇢ Vitamin A
- Antioxidant
- Aura ⇢ for sight
- Activation ⇢ for epithelial cells to differentiate
Sources ⇢ milk, eggs + spinach
Too much vA - Alopecia + abnormal pregnancy
Deficiency = night blindness
Vitamin D
- Increases calcium in ⇢ Distal renal tubule + Duodenum
- BUT also destroys bone - activates osteoclasts
Deficiency:
- Kids ⇢ rickets
- Adults ⇢ osteomalacia
Vitamin E
Antioxidant
Source ⇢ oils, veg, nuts
Vitamin K
- Produces Clotting factors
- Crushed by Warfarin ⇢ W inhibits K’s ability
Source ⇢ kale + spinach
Deficiency = via long term broad spec antibiotics ⇢ kills natural microflora in gut