22)Antiseptics + Disinfectants - Aldehydes, Dyes, Alcohols, Detergents + Salts Flashcards
1
Q
Antiseptics
A
Used on living surfaces ⇢ Patient’s mouth, dentists hands
- They have low toxicity for host cells ⇢ can be used directly on skin, mucous membranes + wounds
2
Q
Disinfectants
A
Used to remove bacteria/MOs from inanimate objects
Eg: Instruments + working surfaces
3
Q
Alcohols
A
Eg, ethanol + isopropanol
Ethanol:
- Effective antiseptic at 70% conc
- Acts by denaturing protein
- The uses in dentistry are limited ⇢ cannot be applied to oral mucosa
4
Q
Aldehydes
A
Formaldehyde
- 37% solution formalin
- Acts by alkylation of chemical groups in proteins + nucleic acids
- Aqueous solution = bactericidal, tuberculocidal, fungicidal + sporicidal
5
Q
Acids
A
Boric acid, Acetic acid
Boric acid
- Bacteriostatic ⇢ inhibits growth of bacteria
- In dentistry ⇢ was used as 4% solution as mouthwash
6
Q
Metallic salts
A
Silver nitrate, Zinc sulphate, Zinc oxide
- Silver compounds ⇢ silver nitrate rapidly kills MOS (Bactericidal)
- Used for tonsillitis + ulcers in oral cavity
7
Q
Dyes
A
Ethacridine, Acriflavine
- Active against G+ bacteria + fungi
- Used on chronic ulcers, ring worms + bed sores
8
Q
Detergents
A
Surfactant / mix of surfactants with cleaning properties in dilute solutions
Anionic detergents ⇢ weak antiseptics w/cleansing action
