2.5 - Install & configure basic wired/wireless SOHO networks Flashcards
What do IPv4 addresses consist of?
2.5 - Install & configure basic wired/wireless SOHO networks: IPv4
4 octets, each separated by periods
192.168.1.131
What do IPv6 addresses consist of?
2.5 - Install & configure basic wired/wireless SOHO networks: IPv6
8 groups of 4 hexadecimal numbers separated by colons
fe80:0000:0000:0000:5d18:0652:cffd:8f52 (fe80::5d18:652:cffd:8f52)
Configuration parameters needed to assign an IP address to device?
2.5 - Install & configure basic wired/wireless SOHO networks: IP
- IP address
- Subnet mask
- Default gateway address
- Primary DNS address
What do devices use subnet masks for?
2.5 - Install & configure basic wired/wireless SOHO networks: IP
To identify the network & host portions of an IP address
Subnet masks divide IP addresses into network and host portions
What can subnet masks help devices determine about destination IP addresses?
2.5 - Install & configure basic wired/wireless SOHO networks: IP
If the destinatinion IP address is in the same LAN or different network
Device IP: 192.168.1.100
Dest. IP address: 192.168.1.150
Subnet mask: 255.255.255.0
Result for both: 192.168.1.0 (both are in the same LAN)
What do gateways allow?
2.5 - Install & configure basic wired/wireless SOHO networks: Gateway
Devices to communicate outside their subnet
What is a gateway address?
2.5 - Install & configure basic wired/wireless SOHO networks: Gateway
A gateway device’s private IP address used for communication between networks
Networks like the Internet
i.e. Routers, UTMs, NAS devices, VMs, Firewalls, Proxies, Layer 3 Switches, etc.
What is each octet’s value range in IPv4?
2.5 - Install & configure basic wired/wireless SOHO networks: IPv4
0-255
What is each group’s value range in IPv6?
2.5 - Install & configure basic wired/wireless SOHO networks: IPv6
0000-FFFF
How do private IP addresses differ from public IP addresses?
2.5 - Install & configure basic wired/wireless SOHO networks: IP - Private Addresses
By only being used within a network & not accessible from public networks
which provides protection/anonymity to client devices, ensures their re-use on other LANs, & conserves IPv4 addresses
How do public IP addresses differ from private IP addresses
2.5 - Install & configure basic wired/wireless SOHO networks: IP - Public Addresses
By communicating with public networks
i.e. a DNS server IP address
Public networks like the Internet
How do private networks access the internet?
2.5 - Install & configure basic wired/wireless SOHO networks: IP
Using a gateway device
What do gateway devices allow?
i.e. routers, utms, etc.
2.5 - Install & configure basic wired/wireless SOHO networks: Gateway
LAN devices to communicate with other networks by using the gateway address for outgoing traffic
(The gateway address is the gateway’s public IP address) Does NOT give the networked devices a public IP address.
2 types of IP addresses gateway devices have?
Public & Private (gateway) IP addresses
What are the 3 private IP address ranges?
2.5 - Install & configure basic wired/wireless SOHO networks: IPv4 - Private Addresses
Class A, B, & C addresses
Reserved private IP address ranges
Class A private IPv4 address range?
2.5 - Install & configure basic wired/wireless SOHO networks: IPv4 - Private Addresses
10.0.0.0 - 10.255.255.255
Reserved private IP address ranges
Class B private IP address range?
2.5 - Install & configure basic wired/wireless SOHO networks: IPv4 - Private Addresses
172.16.0.0 - 172.31.255.255
Reserved private IP address ranges
Class C private IP address range?
2.5 - Install & configure basic wired/wireless SOHO networks: IPv4 - Private Addresses
192.168.0.0 - 192.168.255.255
What are public IP addresses assigned to? By who?
2.5 - Install & configure basic wired/wireless SOHO networks: IP - Public Addresses
Customer equipment by ISPs
What type of addresses do SOHO routers have?
(its a gateway device)
2.5 - Install & configure basic wired/wireless SOHO networks: IP
Private & dynamic public IP addresses for internal & Internet communication
Meaning of NAT?
Network Address Translation
How do routers allow data transmission between private & public networks?
2.5 - Install & configure basic wired/wireless SOHO networks: IP
By using NAT
What does NAT do?
2.5 - Install & configure basic wired/wireless SOHO networks: IP
Converts LAN IP addresses to the gateway address as data crosses the gateway
NAT keeps devices hidden behind…?
2.5 - Install & configure basic wired/wireless SOHO networks: IP
a gateway device while being able to communicate outside the LAN
gateway device like a router
What are MAC addresses aka?
2.5 - Install & configure basic wired/wireless SOHO networks
Physical addresses
What are IP addresses aka?
2.5 - Install & configure basic wired/wireless SOHO networks: IP
Logical addresses
2 types of addresses in SOHO networks?
2.5 - Install & configure basic wired/wireless SOHO networks
- MAC addresses
- IP addresses
Can be either IPv4 or IPv6
Reserved Looback/localhost IPv4 address range?
2.5 - Install & configure basic wired/wireless SOHO networks: IPv4
127.0.0.0 - 127.255.255.255
Reserved Link-local IPv4 address range?
(APIPA)
2.5 - Install & configure basic wired/wireless SOHO networks: IPv4
169.254.0.0 - 169.254.255.255
What is a loopback address?
2.5 - Install & configure basic wired/wireless SOHO networks: IPv4
IP address used for self-testing & internal communication within a device
Common IPv4 loopback address?
2.5 - Install & configure basic wired/wireless SOHO networks: IPv4
127.0.0.1
Common IPv6 loopback address?
2.5 - Install & configure basic wired/wireless SOHO networks: IPv6
::1
Why are Private addresses reserved for private networks?
2.5 - Install & configure basic wired/wireless SOHO networks: IP
To be reused on other LANs
When may a device be assigned a temporary link-local address?
2.5 - Install & configure basic wired/wireless SOHO networks: IP
When it cant connect to DHCP server
What can devices do with link-local addresses?
2.5 - Install & configure basic wired/wireless SOHO networks: IPv4
Can only communicate within its network
Can’t communicate outside the LAN until a valid IPv4 address is obtained
What is a link-local address known as in Windows?
2.5 - Install & configure basic wired/wireless SOHO networks
APIPA address
How does a device ensure it has a unique APIPA address?
2.5 - Install & configure basic wired/wireless SOHO networks: APIPA
By broadcasting the APIPA address & using it if there’s no response
What could it mean if a device can communicate with LAN devices but not the internet?
2.5 - Install & configure basic wired/wireless SOHO networks
DHCP server is down, so it has an APIPA address instead
Meaning of APIPA?
2.5 - Install & configure basic wired/wireless SOHO networks: APIPA
Automatic Private IP Addressing
Alternative to manual IP address assignment?
2.5 - Install & configure basic wired/wireless SOHO networks
DHCP reservations
How do DHCP reservations reserve IP addresses for devices?
2.5 - Install & configure basic wired/wireless SOHO networks
by configuring their MAC addresses in DHCP server
What are DNS server addresses?
2.5 - Install & configure basic wired/wireless SOHO networks
IP addresses of the DNS server
which converts domain names to IP addresses
When do you need to specify the gateway address to a device?
2.5 - Install & configure basic wired/wireless SOHO networks: Gateway
When configuring a device with a static IP address
else, it can be assigned via DHCP