2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes Flashcards

1
Q

TCP & UDP are transported inside…?

2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: TCP vs UDP

A

IP packets

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2
Q

TCP or UDP may be referred to as operating at…

2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: TCP vs UDP

A

the transport layer of OSI model (OSI layer 4)

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3
Q

What is TCP/UDP?

2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: TCP vs UDP

A

Transport layer protocols used for data transmissions over networks

Ports are endpoints where communication occurs

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4
Q

What do connection-oriented sessions mean?

2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: TCP vs UDP

A

Every packet sent is checked for delivery.

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5
Q

Meaning of TCP?

2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: TCP vs UDP

A

Transmission Control Protocol

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6
Q

Meaning of UDP?

2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: TCP vs UDP

A

User Datagram Protocol

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7
Q

What type of protocol is TCP?

2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: TCP vs UDP

A

Connection-oriented protocol

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8
Q

How does TCP provide reliable delivery?

2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: TCP vs UDP

A

By making sure data sent has been verified as being received to the receiver

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9
Q

What type of protocol is UDP?

2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: TCP vs UDP

A

Connectionless protocol

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10
Q

Why is UDP unreliable?

2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: TCP vs UDP

A

There’s no acknowledgement sent by receiver, making it unknown if the data sent was actually received by the receiver

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11
Q

Importance of UDP?

2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: TCP vs UDP

A

Being able to send data very quickly over the network

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12
Q

UDP is most associated with..?

2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: TCP vs UDP

A

Real time communication

(live communication, where you cant stop or retransmit info)

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13
Q

Protocols using UDP have no confirmation of data sent, so its up to the…

2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: TCP vs UDP

A

app to keep track of who has & hasn’t received data

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14
Q

Purpose of port numbers?

2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: TCP vs UDP

A

To identify which service will receive data

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15
Q

How does TCP establish network connections?

2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: TCP vs UDP

A

3-way handshake (aka TCP socket connection)

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16
Q

TCP

Process of three-way handshake?

2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: TCP vs UDP

A
  1. SYN packet
  2. SYN-ACK packet
  3. ACK packet

  1. (Client sends it)
  2. (Server sends it)
  3. (Client sends it)
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17
Q

When is Connection-oriented TCP used?

2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: TCP vs UDP

A

When data integrity is needed

Data integrity = data is unaltered & undamaged

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18
Q

When is Connectionless UDP used?

2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: TCP vs UDP

A

When speed & efficiency is needed

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19
Q

What do protocols do?

2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: TCP vs UDP

A

Handle data transfer details

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20
Q

What does the internet run on?

2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: TCP vs UDP

A

Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) suite

(Protocols & services that power & manage networks)

(its named that way because most TCP/IP protocols use TCP rather than UDP)

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21
Q

Meaning of FTP?

2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: Ports & Protocols

A

File Transfer Protocol

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22
Q

Meaning of SFTP?

2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: Ports & Protocols

A

Secure File Transfer Protocol

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23
Q

Meaning of TFTP?

2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: Ports & Protocols

A

Trivial File Transfer Protocol

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24
Q

FTP port(s)?

2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: Ports & Protocols

A

TCP/20-21

TCP/20 (Active mode data) & TCP/21 (Control)

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25
What is FTP TCP/20 for? ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
Data transfers | tcp/20 (acive mode data)
26
What is FTP TCP/21 for? ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
To control the data transfer | tcp/21 (control)
27
Purpose of FTP? ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
To transfer data/files between devices
28
What does FTP commonly require? ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
authentication to log in to that remote device | i.e. username & password
29
# Common protocol of: TCP/20-21 ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
FTP
30
What FTP option is NOT connection-oriented? ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
TFTP
31
Purpose of TFTP? ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
To transfer files between devices with limited functionality | (No authentication/encryption & only read/write operations)
32
Meaning of SSH? ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
Secure Shell
33
SSH port(s)? ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
TCP/22
34
# Common protocol of: TCP/22 ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
SSH
35
Purpose of SSH? ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
Encrypts communication channels | Network services like remote login & data transfers
36
SSH is a more secure replacement to...? ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
FTP & Telnet
37
Protocol(s) that enables to remotely access devices via terminal/CLI? ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
SSH & Telnet
38
What is required to use SSH on Windows? ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
Software | like puTTY
39
Meaning of Telnet? ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols
Telecommunication Network
40
Telnet port(s)? ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
TCP/23
41
# Common protocol of: TCP/23 ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
Telnet
42
Purpose of Telnet? ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
To provide unencrypted remote terminal/CLI access to a device | over the Internet or local network
43
Meaning of SMTP? ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
44
SMTP port(s)? ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
TCP/25
45
Purpose of SMTP? ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
For email clients to send emails to an email server
46
# Common protocol of: TCP/25 ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
SMTP
47
Meaning of DNS? ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
Domain Name System
48
DNS port(s)? ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
UDP/53
49
# Common protocol of: UDP/53 ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
DNS
50
Purpose of DNS? ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
To convert domain names into IP addresses
51
# DNS When connecting to a website by domain, the DNS server...? ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
finds IP address of domain so the client & web server can communicate via IP
52
Meaning of DHCP? ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
53
DHCP port(s) in IPv4 network? | (This is the MAIN DHCP port(s)) ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
UDP/67-68 | DHCPv6 uses UDP/546-547
54
# Common protocol for: UDP/67-68 ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
DHCP | (The main DHCP (IPv4))
55
What is needed to automatically assign IP addresses to devices on a network? ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
DHCP server
56
Where is the DHCP functionality commonly buit into? ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
Routers & Access Points
57
Purpose of DHCP? ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
To assign network configuration parameters to devices on a network ## Footnote Network configuration paramters like IP addresses, subnet masks, gateway addresses, & DNS servers
58
# DHCP Meaning of SOHO? ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
Small Office/Home Office
59
Most SOHO networks have a router that uses DHCP to... ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
assign IP addresses to client computers
60
How do ISPs use DHCP?
To assign an IP address to users by assigning them to routers/modems
61
What system does DHCP use to assign IP addresses? ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
Leasing system | (Assigned IP addresses are used for a certain amount of time)
62
# DHCP When is the IP address unassigned to a device? ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
The lease expires & the device is no longer on the network
63
What ports do servers & clients use in DHCPv4 servers? ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
Server: 67 Client: 68
64
What is DHCP aka? ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
BOOTP (Bootstrap Protocol)
65
HTTP port(s)? ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
TCP/80
66
HTTPS port(s)? ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
TCP/443
67
Meaning of HTTP? ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
Hypertext Transfer Protocol
68
Meaning of HTTPS? ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
HTTP Secure
69
# Common protocol for: TCP/80 ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
HTTP
70
# Common protocol for: TCP/443 ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
HTTPS
71
Purpose of HTTP/HTTPS? ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
To communicate to web servers
72
Which HTTP version has encryption? ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
HTTPS
73
Which HTTP version has no encryption? ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
HTTP
74
# Secure protocols Meaning of SSL? ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
Secure Sockets Layer
75
# Secure protocols Meaning of TLS? ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
Transport Layer Security
76
Secure protocol that HTTPS uses?
TLS
77
3 Email protocols? ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
- SMTP - POP3 - IMAP4
78
Meaning of POP3? ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
Post Office Protocol version 3
79
Meaning of IMAP4 ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
Internet Message Access Protocol version 4
80
POP3 port(s)? ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
TCP/110
81
Secure POP3 port(s)? ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
TCP/995
82
Purpose of POP3? ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
For email clients to retrieve emails from a mail server
83
Purpose of IMAP4? ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
For email clients to retrieve emails from a mail server
84
# Common protocol for: TCP/110 ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
POP3
85
IMAP4 port(s)? ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
TCP/143
86
# Common protocol for: TCP/143 ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
IMAP4
87
How does IMAP4 differ from POP3? ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
IMAP4 can synchronize emails to multiple email clients | i.e. the same email can be received on Gmail, Outlook, & Apple Mail ## Footnote (it also supports folders)
88
What is POP3 limited to? ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
Can only retrieve emails to 1 email client
89
How does IMAP4 allow email syncrhonization? ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
Lets emails stay on the email server to be retrieved from any location
90
Meaning of SMB? ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
Server Message Block
91
SMB port(s)? ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
TCP/445
92
# Common protocol for: TCP/445 ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
SMB
93
Purpose of SMB? | (Server Message Block) ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
To Provide file & printer sharing, network browsing, & IPC over a network | IPC is data exchange between programs.
94
What uses SMB? ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
Windows
95
What is SMB aka? ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
CIFS
96
Meaning of CIFS?
Common Internet File System
97
NetBIOS/NetBT port(s)? ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
- UDP/137 - (TCP & UDP)/139
98
Meaning of NetBT? ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
NetBIOS over TCP/IP
99
Meaning of NetBIOS?
Network Basic Input/Output System
100
What does NetBIOS do? ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
- Names devices - Establishes reliable connections - Facilitates data packet delivery | TCP/IP has replaced NetBIOS
101
How is NetBIOS functionality implemented over TCP/IP? ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
using NetBT
102
Common protocol for UDP/137-138 & TCP/139? ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
NetBIOS
103
Meaning of SNMP? ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
Simple Network Management Protocol
104
SNMP port(s)? ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
UDP/161
105
# Common protocol for: UDP/161 ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
SNMP
106
Purpose of SNMP? ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
To remotely monitor & manage network devices
107
Meaning of LDAP? ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
Lightweight Directory Access Protocol
108
LDAP port(s)? ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
TCP/389
109
One popular LDAP implenentation? ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
Microsoft Active Directory | MAD allows to query the Active Directory server using LDAP
110
# Common protocol for: TCP/389
LDAP
111
Purpose of LDAP? ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
To access & maintain distributed directories of info. services over an IP network
112
Meaning of RDP? ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
Remote Desktop Protocol
113
RDP port(s)? ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
TCP/3389
114
# Common protocol for: TCP/3389 ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
RDP
115
Purpose of RDP? ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
To give remote access to a computer's GUI & resources as if the user was there
116
RDP-based program that Microsoft uses? ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes: **Ports & Protocols**
Remote Desktop Connection program
117
2 file transfer protocols? | Protocols that allow file transfers between devices ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes
- FTP - SMB/CIFS
118
What type of protocols are FTP & SMB/CIFS? ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes
File transfer protocols | Protocols that allow file transfers between devices
119
3 remote access protocols? | Protocols that allows remote access to a device or network ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes
- SSH - Telnet - RDP
120
What type of protocols are SSH, Telnet, & RDP? ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes
Remote access protocols | Protocols that allows remote access to a device or network
121
1 Directory services protcol? | Manage/organize info about network resources/users in directory database ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes
LDAP
122
What type of protocol is LDAP? ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes
Directory services protocol | Manage/organize info about network resources/users in directory database
123
1 network management protocol? | Help manage & monitor the behavior & performance of a network ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes
SNMP
124
What type of protocol is SNMP? ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes
network management protocol | Help manage & monitor the behavior & performance of a network
125
2 Web protocols? | allow communication & data transfers between web clients & servers ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes
- HTTP - HTTPS
126
What type of protocols are HTTP & HTTPS? ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes
Web protocols | allow communication & data transfers between web clients & servers
127
1 network communication protocol? | *Protocols that allow communication between devices on a network* ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes
NetBIOS
128
What type of protocol is NetBIOS? ## Footnote 2.1 - Compare & contrast TCP & UDP ports, protocols, & their purposes
Network communication protocol | *Protocols that allow communication between devices on a network*