2.5 Health Beleifs

Question 1

Concepts about health that an individual believes to be true.

• May not be founded on fact
• May be influenced by culture

Answer 1

Health beliefs

Question 2

Whether clients believe that their health status is under their own or others’ control.

Answer 2

Locus of control

Question 3

People who believe they have major influence on their own health status.

Answer 3

Internals

Question 4

People who believe their health is largely controlled by outside forces.

Answer 4

Externals

Question 5

What does fitness involve

Answer 5

performance of the body’s

• heart
• lungs
• muscles

Question 6

Activity-exercise pattern

Answer 6

refers to a person’s routine of exercise, activity, leisure & recreation.
-includes ADL’s

Question 7

Physical activity (defined)

Answer 7

bodily movement produced by skeletal muscle contraction that increases energy expenditure

Question 8

Exercise (defined)

Answer 8

a type of physical activity defined as a planned, structured & repetitive bodily movement.

Question 9

Activity tolerance

Answer 9

type & amount of exercise or ADL and individual is able to perform w/out experiencing adverse effects

Question 10

Functional strength

Answer 10

body’s ability to perform work

Question 11

Isotonic exercises

Answer 11

dynamic exercises - muscle shortens to produce contraction and active movement.

Question 12

Isometric exercises

Answer 12

static or setting exercises, muscles contract w/out moving the joint.

Question 13

Isokinetic exercises

Answer 13

resistive exercises - involve muscle contraction against resistance.

Question 14

Aerobic exercise

Answer 14

activity during which the amount of O2 taken into body is greater than that used to perform activity.
-improve cardiovascular conditioning.

Question 15

Anaerobic exercise

Answer 15

activity in which the muscles cannot draw enough O2 from the bloodstream and anaerobic pathways then provide additional energy.

Question 16

Health literacy

Answer 16

the ability to read, understand and act on health information.

Question 17

Important when developing written teaching aids

Answer 17

• keep language at or below fifth grade level
• use active, not passive voice
• use large type
• place priority information first

Question 18

Important when teaching low literacy levels

Answer 18

• use multi teaching methods: pictures, role play, demonstration.
• get feedback
• limit amount of info in one session

Question 19

Motivational interviewing (MI)

Answer 19

a collaborative, person-centered form of guiding to elicit and strengthen motivation for change.

Question 20

The spirit of MI is based on 3 key elements:

Answer 20

• collaboration
• evoking / drawing out
• autonomy

Question 21

Collaboration

Answer 21

• a partnership between therapist and client

- builds rapport

Question 22

Evocation

Answer 22

• drawing out of client’s own thoughts & ideas.

- lasting change more likely to occur.

Question 23

Autonomy

Answer 23

• true power of change rests within the client.
• empowering the individual
• gives client responsibility for own actions.

Question 24

Principles of MI

Answer 24

• Express empathy
• Support self-efficacy
• Roll with resistance
• Develop discrepancy

Question 25

Express empathy

Answer 25

see the world through the client’s eyes

Question 26

Support self-efficacy

Answer 26

strengths based approach that believes that clients have within themselves the capabilities to change successfully.

Question 27

Roll with resistance

Answer 27

• avoid eliciting resistance by not confronting client when resistance occurs.
• work to de-escalate & avoid negative interaction
• dance rather than wrestle

Question 28

Develop discrepancy

Answer 28

-help clients examine the discrepancies between their current behavior & future goals.

Question 29

Motivational Interviewing skills & strategies

Answer 29

OARS

• Open ended questions
• Affirmations
• Reflections
• Summaries

Question 30

Open-ended questions

Answer 30

invite elaboration & thinking more deeply about an issue.

Question 31

Affirmations

Answer 31

statements that recognize client strengths

Question 32

Reflections

Answer 32

careful listening and reflective responses leads client to feel counselor understands issues from their perspective.

Question 33

Summaries

Answer 33

• recapping what has occurred

- communicates interest, understanding

Question 34

Change Talk

Answer 34

more someone talks about change, the more likely they are to change.

Question 35

Preparatory change talk & Implementing change talk (mnemonic)

Answer 35

DARN-CAT

• Desire
• Ability
• Reason
• Need
• Commitment
• Activation
• Taking Steps