2.2 Comfort & Sensory Flashcards
___________ is normally a symptom of other conditions and illnesses.
Fatigue
Fatigue that:
- has underlying cause (poor nutrition)
- resolves with treatment of underlying cause
- results from variety of causes (ie sleep deprivation, surgery, infection)
Acute Fatigue
Fatigue that:
- results from ongoing illness (CHF, HIV)
- may not resolve quickly
- extensive medication/ treatment regimes
- not alleviated with rest
Chronic Fatigue
Symptoms of chronic fatigue
- Sore throat
- substantial impairment of short-term memory
- multiple-joint pain
- muscle pain
- tender lymph nodes
- unrefreshing sleep
- postactivity malaise lasting more than 24 hours.
Clinical manifestations of chronic fatigue
- changes from baseline VS
- electrolyte imbalance
- pallor
- pale conjunctiva
- decreased cognition
- lack of energy
- dyspnea on mild exertion
Diagnostic tests for fatigue:
- O2 status (SP O2, ABG, chest x-ray, etc)
- O2 carrying status (hemoglobin, hematocrit, RBC)
- Metabolism (thyroid study, blood glucose, etc)
Assess for fatigue
- Vital signs
- Mobility
- Skin turgor (hydration)
- Muscle strength.
________ is a common syndrome characterized by muscoskeletal pain, stiffness & multiple tender points.
-Cause is unknown
Fibromyalgia
Fibromyalgia risk factors:
- 20-50 years old
- family history
- disturbed sleep patterns
- other rheumatic disorders
Clinical Manifestations of fibromyalgia
- gradual onset of chronic, achy muscle pain
- pain is produced by palpating tender points
- onset may be acute following viral illness
Diagnostic tests for Fibromyalgia
None
-Rule out other rheumatic disorders
Treatment of Fibromyalgia
- SSRI’s (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors)
- Tricyclic antidepressants
- CAM - light therapy, acupuncture, resistance training.
______ results when trauma or disease process interferes with innervation of peripheral nerves.
Peripheral neuropathy
How do corticosteriods treat fatigue?
Corticosteroids increase appetite and elevate mood, although the effect may not be long-lasting.
Benefits of graded exercise programs for fatigue.
Research shows that a graded exercise program provides more relief and increased
ability to complete ADL’s in patients with
chronic fatigue syndrome
Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS)
Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is a different disease process; CFS has a course similar to autoimmune disorders, may follow an upper respiratory illness, and most often occurs in white, educated, upper middle-class women.
How does peripheral neuropathy occur?
constriction of peripheral blood vessels, peripheral nerve endings in the constricted area suffer effects of decreased blood flow & neuropathy develops.
Main components of peripheral nerves?
Axon and myelin
Most common type of neuropathy
- is associated with diabetes
- is a bilateral sensory disorder
- usually begins in toes & feet
Polyneuropathies
Isolated peripheral neuropathies that affect a single nerve.
-common cause = repetitive motions
Mononeuropathies
Neuropathy classification of causes:
- acquired
- hereditary
- idiopathic
Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS)
Acute inflammatory demyelinating disorder of the PNS characterized by acute onset motor paralysis.
-spontaneous recovery
Risk factors of peripheral neuropathy
- Diabetes –Alcohol abuse –Vitamin deficiencies, particularly B vitamins –Immune system suppression –Kidney, liver, thyroid disorders –Exposure to toxins –Age
Clinical manifestations of Peripheral neuropathy
•Depends on nerves affected, damage
•Commonly distal paresthesias
•GBS
–Stocking –glove pattern
•Weakness in arms of legs
•Pain
