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162 Exam #2 > 2.2 Comfort & Sensory > Flashcards

2.2 Comfort & Sensory Flashcards

1
Q

___________ is normally a symptom of other conditions and illnesses.

A

Fatigue

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2
Q

Fatigue that:

  • has underlying cause (poor nutrition)
  • resolves with treatment of underlying cause
  • results from variety of causes (ie sleep deprivation, surgery, infection)
A

Acute Fatigue

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3
Q

Fatigue that:

  • results from ongoing illness (CHF, HIV)
  • may not resolve quickly
  • extensive medication/ treatment regimes
  • not alleviated with rest
A

Chronic Fatigue

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4
Q

Symptoms of chronic fatigue

A
  • Sore throat
  • substantial impairment of short-term memory
  • multiple-joint pain
  • muscle pain
  • tender lymph nodes
  • unrefreshing sleep
  • postactivity malaise lasting more than 24 hours.
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5
Q

Clinical manifestations of chronic fatigue

A
  • changes from baseline VS
  • electrolyte imbalance
  • pallor
  • pale conjunctiva
  • decreased cognition
  • lack of energy
  • dyspnea on mild exertion
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6
Q

Diagnostic tests for fatigue:

A
  • O2 status (SP O2, ABG, chest x-ray, etc)
  • O2 carrying status (hemoglobin, hematocrit, RBC)
  • Metabolism (thyroid study, blood glucose, etc)
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7
Q

Assess for fatigue

A
  • Vital signs
  • Mobility
  • Skin turgor (hydration)
  • Muscle strength.
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8
Q

________ is a common syndrome characterized by muscoskeletal pain, stiffness & multiple tender points.
-Cause is unknown

A

Fibromyalgia

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9
Q

Fibromyalgia risk factors:

A
  • 20-50 years old
  • family history
  • disturbed sleep patterns
  • other rheumatic disorders
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10
Q

Clinical Manifestations of fibromyalgia

A
  • gradual onset of chronic, achy muscle pain
  • pain is produced by palpating tender points
  • onset may be acute following viral illness
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11
Q

Diagnostic tests for Fibromyalgia

A

None

-Rule out other rheumatic disorders

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12
Q

Treatment of Fibromyalgia

A
  • SSRI’s (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors)
  • Tricyclic antidepressants
  • CAM - light therapy, acupuncture, resistance training.
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13
Q

______ results when trauma or disease process interferes with innervation of peripheral nerves.

A

Peripheral neuropathy

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14
Q

How do corticosteriods treat fatigue?

A

Corticosteroids increase appetite and elevate mood, although the effect may not be long-lasting.

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15
Q

Benefits of graded exercise programs for fatigue.

A

Research shows that a graded exercise program provides more relief and increased
ability to complete ADL’s in patients with
chronic fatigue syndrome

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16
Q

Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS)

A

Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is a different disease process; CFS has a course similar to autoimmune disorders, may follow an upper respiratory illness, and most often occurs in white, educated, upper middle-class women.

17
Q

How does peripheral neuropathy occur?

A

constriction of peripheral blood vessels, peripheral nerve endings in the constricted area suffer effects of decreased blood flow & neuropathy develops.

18
Q

Main components of peripheral nerves?

A

Axon and myelin

19
Q

Most common type of neuropathy

  • is associated with diabetes
  • is a bilateral sensory disorder
  • usually begins in toes & feet
A

Polyneuropathies

20
Q

Isolated peripheral neuropathies that affect a single nerve.

-common cause = repetitive motions

A

Mononeuropathies

21
Q

Neuropathy classification of causes:

A
  • acquired
  • hereditary
  • idiopathic
22
Q

Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS)

A

Acute inflammatory demyelinating disorder of the PNS characterized by acute onset motor paralysis.
-spontaneous recovery

23
Q

Risk factors of peripheral neuropathy

A 
- Diabetes
 –Alcohol abuse
 –Vitamin deficiencies, particularly B vitamins
 –Immune system suppression
 –Kidney, liver, thyroid disorders
 –Exposure to toxins
 –Age
24
Q

Clinical manifestations of Peripheral neuropathy

A 
•Depends on nerves affected, damage
•Commonly distal paresthesias
•GBS
     –Stocking –glove pattern
•Weakness in arms of legs
•Pain
25
Q

When do people with neuropathy feel pain.

A

When the muscles are affected.

26
Q

Diagnostic tests for neuropathy

A 
–EMG
 –CBC
 –Thyroid function tests
 –Serum levels for B12 and thiamine
 –Metabolic panel
 –Urine screening
 –Nerve biopsy
27
Q

Treatments?
Medications?
for neuropathies

A 
Treatments
 –No specific treatment
 –PT, OT to maintain mobility 
Medications: 
–No catch-all drug to treat pain
-Pain relievers
-Anticonvulsants
-Antidepressants
-Lidocaine patch
28
Q

CAM therapies for neuropathies

A 
Complementary therapies
 –May include
 –Acupuncture
 –Biofeedback
 –TENS
 –Massage

162 Exam #2 (8 decks)

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