2.4 Test for end-user impact Flashcards
Are all websites that technically pass accessibility guidelines useable?
No, Teresa, no, they are not.
Are there good accessibility techniques that are not included in the guidelines?
Yes. Yes, Teresa there are.
What are three reasons that some good accessibility techniques are not included in the WCAG guidelines?
- It is difficult to objectively verify compliance with the technique
- The writers of the guidelines did not recognize the need for the technique when
writing the guidelines. - The technologies or circumstances that require
the technique are newer than the guidelines.
Give examples of sites that meet criteria but are still not usable for the disabled
Chat is present but at bottom of page
Too many images with alt attributes make the page hard to follow
What thing do people with cognitive disabilities need that is NOT covered with the guidelines?
short paragraphs
What makes guidelines become out of date?
Advances in technology. Being able to do new things with web sites, having new platforms and devices all require new guidelines.
What is a benefit of testing with real users?
It identifies usability issues that are not discovered by conformance evaluation alone.
Before you start testing with live users, what should you do first?
A complete initial review of the web site to uncover the basic accessibility issues
What can an accessibility expert add to the Initial Review, before user testing starts?
evaluate accessibility issues for a broad range of users
help fix any known barriers before bringing in users
focus the evaluation with users on potential areas of concern
What is the most important aspect of web accessibility?
The user experience.
What are “adaptive strategies”?
Adaptive strategies are techniques that people with disabilities use to improve interaction with the web. For example, increasing the font size in a common browser. Adaptive strategies include techniques with mainstream browsers or with assistive technologies.
What are “assistive technologies”?
Assistive technologies are software or equipment that people with disabilities use to improve interaction with the web. Screen Readers Screen Magnifiers Voice Recognition Software Selection Switches
True or False?
Conducting informal evaluations throughout development is more effective than only formal usability testing at the end of a project.
True
What is an added benefit of testing with users with disabilities?
it reveals general usability problems that impact all users, including those without disabilities.
What three things have to work together for web accessibility?
web browsers,
assistive technologies (AT), and
web content.
What ensures that accessibility is provided to users with a range of disabilities and situations.
Combine user involvement with evaluating conformance to WCAG
How does accessibility testing differ from usability testing?
you would likely use a think-aloud technique with high facilitator interaction
data collection would focus on understanding errors related to accessibility barriers, rather than on time-on-task or user satisfaction
tasks would concentrate on specific areas of concern for potential accessibility problems, rather than general site usage
What is a heuristic evaluation?
a systematic evaluation of the user interface guided by explicitly stated usability principles, known as heuristics.
How does heuristic testing compare to user testing?
Both are effective in finding issues and neither can be ignored, they are complimentary to each other and should be done iteratively
What should be followed for authoring tools such as content management systems (CMS), blog software, and WYSIWYG editors? Authoring Tool Accessibility Guidelines (ATAG).
Authoring Tool Accessibility Guidelines (ATAG).
What should be followed for browsers, media players, and other ‘user agents’?
User Agent Accessibility Guidelines (UAAG).
What should be included in a basic accessibility check?
Page title
Image text alternatives ("alt text") (pictures, illustrations, charts, etc.)
Headings
Contrast ratio ("color contrast")
Resize Text
Keyboard access and visual focus
Forms, labels, and errors (including Search fields)
Moving, Flashing, or Blinking Content
Multimedia (video, audio) alternatives
Basic Structure CheckWhat is BAD?
The W3C’s “Before and After Demo” web site, which compares a site before and after accessibility has been addressed. Is great for learning how to solve issues, testing code and for showing stake holders the differences.
The Accessibility problems, such as that of a non-mouse user having trouble with keyboard access, can be caused by one of five things:
- the developer did not markup/code the web page properly
- the browser or media player isn’t handling the markup properly
- the user’s AT isn’t handling the markup properly,
- the user doesn’t know how to use the browser, media player, or AT’s keyboard access features
- the page is poorly designed and it is a general usability problem for all users, including those without disabilities
What are some best practices for finding the right PwD to test your site?
find people close to your target users
test with people who would use your product
find people of diverse disabilities
What’s the best way to start out the testing process with a PwD?
- give them time to get their set up to their liking
- Have them show you a site they think is easy to use and have them demo that as this will confirm their set up is to their liking and is working
- Inform them what the focus of this testing is, if it is specifically looking at one component, say buttons
- If it’s a redesign, have them show you how they use it now and what’s wrong with it
