1.1 Understand and Interpret Accessibility Specifications and Techniques

Question 1

Are WCAG Techniques Normative or Non-Normative?

Answer 1

Not Normative – they are merely suggestions on how to go about meeting the Success Criterion

Question 2

What three pieces of accessibility information does ARIA provide for assistive technologies?

Answer 2

Name - an accessible name is a label explaining what the control does, it should match the visible name

Role - an accessible role that conveys the component’s purpose

Value - an accessible value conveys the current state, such as a specific value or amount or whether expanded or not, may include min and max possible

Question 3

What does Perceivable entail?

Answer 3

the content is presented to the user’s unique perception abilities

Question 4

What is Understandable?

Answer 4

the information content is accessible and we know how to use the site

Question 5

What is the Operable?

Answer 5

Keyboard and other AT users have same access as others,

Question 6

How many guidelines are in WCAG 2.1? What is the new one?

Answer 6

13 guidelines, the new one is Input Modalities

Question 7

What is the heirarchy of success criterion, principles, techniques, guidelines?

Answer 7

WCAG has four Principles made up of 13 Guidelines which each contain unique Success Criterion (63), and each of those have various types of Techniques suggesting how to achieve conformance.

Question 8

When do you use ARIA and when is HTML better?

Answer 8

Always use HTML elements first

ARIA should then be added to bring accessibility

Question 9

What is a Sufficient Technique? Must they be followed?

Answer 9

If the code meets the sufficient technique, it is satisfies the success criterion
All techniques are mere suggestions and do not have to be followed
There may be other ways to satisfy the criterion other than the suggested techniques

Question 10

What was added with WCAG 2.1 that was not addressed in 2.0? (4 things)

Answer 10

techniques for mobile phones and tablets, for low-vision and for cognitive/learning disabilities

Question 11

What does Accessibility Supported mean regarding new technologies?

Answer 11

1. That the new technologies must be designed so that user agents (ATs) can access all the information needed to present the content to the users.
2. The user agents and assistive technologies may need to be adapted/updated to work with the new technologies.

Question 12

Content that has a FAILURE technique does not meet WGAG success criteria.
TRUE OR FALSE?

Answer 12

TRUE, unless an alternate version without the failure is also provided.

Question 13

Can content meet WGAC Success Criterion without using any of the sufficient techniques?

Answer 13

Yes

Question 14

Does content that passes the sufficient techniques always meet all WCAG success criteria?

Answer 14

No, some are non-technology specific and may need more work to be conform for all types of technologies.

Question 15

What is the difference between Normative and NON Normative?

Answer 15

Normative are rules that must be followed, non-normative are merely suggestions.

Question 16

What is the purpose of WAI-ARIA

Answer 16

To make dynamic web content accessible

Question 17

How does ARIA make web sites more accessible? (4 things)

Answer 17

Defines best practices for:
widget structure, 
keyboard behaviors, 
dynamic content,
promotes interoperability

Question 18

What is ATAG?

Answer 18

Authoring Tool Accessibility Guidelines
It’s a W3C Spec of recommendations on how third party tools like editors, CMS, social media, widgets should be made accessible

Question 19

What is the power of automated ATAG? (4)

What is its limitation? (1)

Answer 19

Powers:
Allows devs to use tool of their choosing
Supports diverse workflows
Supports result aggregation
Supports accessible resource discovery

Limitation:
the current state of technology does not allow every web site content accessibliity problem to be identified automatically

Question 20

How many success criteria are in WCAG 2.1?

Answer 20

63

Question 21

How many new success criterion are added with WCAG 2.2? Can you name them?

Answer 21

NINE and eight of them are Level A or AA.
Accessible Authentication
Dragging Movements
Consistent Help
Page Break Navigation
Focus Appearance (Min and Enhanced)
Visible Controls
Target Size
Redundant Entry

Question 22

Name some of the Techniques WCAG provides to help developers meet the criteria?

Answer 22

ARIA Techniques
Client-Side Script Techniques
CSS Techniques
Common Failures
General Techniques
HTML Techniques
PDF Techniques
Server-Side Script Techniques
Silverlight Techniques
SMIL Techniques
Plain Text Techniques