#24. Diseases of the lacrimal drainage system.

Question 1

What is the LACRIMAL DRAINAGE System?

Answer 1

It CONTROLS the EQUILIBRIUM BTW:
a. Tear PRODUCTION
b. Tear Loss

• INFLUENCED BY
  a. Biological Factors
  b. Environmental Factors
  c. Physical Factors

Question 2

What happens if there’s MORE Tear PRODUCTION

THAN Tear Loss?

Answer 2

DIRECTLY Causes TEARING

Question 3

What happens if there’s MORE Tear LOSS

THAN Tear Production?

Answer 3

• STIMULATES the REFLEXIVE Tear PRODUCTION
• Leading to EPIPHORA (EXCESSIVE Watering of the Eye)

Question 4

What are 3 DISEASES of the Lacrimal Drainage System?

Answer 4

1) Drainage OBSTRUCTION

2) Lacrimal Gland INFLAMMATION

3) Lacrimal Gland TUMOUR

Question 5

What are the CAUSES of DRAINAGE OBSTRUCTION?

Answer 5

A) CONGENTIAL
- ABSENCE of CANALICULI / PUNCTA
- INCOMPLETE Opening of NASOLACRIMAL Duct
- Associated with CRANIOFACIAL ANOMALIES

2) SENILE = PUNCTUAL Stenosis

3) ECTROPION

4) TRAUMA

5) INFLAMMATION
- Sarcoid
- Wegner’s

6) DRUG-INDUCED
- Pilocarpine
- Idoxurine
- Adrenaline

7) INFECTION
- Acute / Chronic DACRYOCYSTITIS
- Canaliculitis
- Sinusitis

8) Lacrimal SAC TUMOURS

Question 6

What is the TREATMENT for DRAINAGE OBSTRUCTION?

Answer 6

• DILATION of PUNCTA
• LID MALPOSITION Correction
• RECANALISATION Operations

Question 7

What are the CAUSES of Lacrimal Gland INFLAMMATION?

Answer 7

1) VIRAL DACROADENTITIS
- Mumps
- Glandular Fever

2) Acute BACTERIAL DACROADENTITIS

3) Chronic BACTERIAL
- TB
- Syphilis

4) Inflammatory Conditions

Question 8

What are the 3 FORMS of Lacrimal Gland TUMOUR?

Answer 8

1) PLEOMORPHIC ADENOMA
- 20 - 60 in Number
- PALPABLE HARD Nodular Mass
- REMOVED Surgically

2) CARCINOMA
- Originates from Epithelium
- Painful
- LOCAL BONY Erosion
- BIOPSIED AFTER Antibiotics
- POOR Prognosis

3) EPISCLERITIS = Inflammation of Episcleral