#22. Chronic conjunctivitis. Chlamydial conjunctivitis - paratrahoma and trachoma Flashcards
What is CHRONIC CONJUNCTIVITIS?
Conjunctivitis that LASTS for MORE THAN 4 Weeks
What are the CAUSES of CHRONIC CONJUNCTIVITIS?
- Mechanical / Physical / Chemical
- Allergies
- Viruses
- Trachoma / Paratrachoma
- Uncorrected Refractive Errors
- Anaemia / Metabolic Disorders
What are the CLINICAL FEATURES of CHRONIC CONJUNCTIVITIS?
SUBJECTIVE SYMPTOMS
- Itching
- Burning
- Stinging
- Fatigue
- Headache
OBJECTIVE SYMPTOMS
- Mild Hyperaemia
- Lack of Oedema
- Mild Discharge
What is the TREATMENT for CHRONIC CONJUNCTIVITIS?
- ELIMINATING the Cause
- Antibiotics
- TOPICAL ASTRINGENTS
- General Hygiene
What is CHLAMYDIAL CONJUNCITIVITIS?
- Conjunctivitis that’s caused by CHLAMYDIA
- By Chlamydia Trachomatis
What are the 2 FORMS of CHLAMYDIAL CONJUNCIIVITIS?
1) Trachoma
2) Paratrachoma
What is TRACHOMA?
- Form of Chlamydial Conjunctivitis
- Caused by Serotypes A-C of Chlamydial Trachomatis
What is the CAUSE of TRACHOMA?
- Where SUBCONJUNCTIVAL FIBROSIS occurs due to FREQUENT Infections (unhygienic)
- Infection may spread from EYE-to-EYE or by VECTOR TRANSMISSION (flies)
What are the SIGNS & SYMPTOMS of TRACHOMA?
- MILD Foreign Body Sensation of the Eyes
- Occasional LACRIMATION
- SCANTY Mucoid Discharge
- Symptoms of ACUTE Mucopurulent Conjunctivitis DEVELOP
- Observe CONJUNCTIVAL FOLLICES / PAPILLAE
- Conjunctival SCARRING
What is the DIAGNOSIS for TRACHOMA?
- Cytology
- ELISA Test
- PCR Test
What is the TREATMENT for TRACHOMA?
Oral / Topical Antibiotics
a. TETRACYCLINE
b. ERYTHROMYCIN
What is PARATRACHOMA?
- Form of CHLAMYDIAL CONJUNCTIVITIS
- Caused by Serotypes D-K of Chlamydial Trachomatis
- SPREADING from GENITALS TO the EYE
What are the SIGNS & SYMPTOMS of PARATRACHOMA?
- Foreign Body Sensation
- MILD Photophobia
- Mucopurulent Discharge
- Conjunctival Hyperaemia
- Superficial KERATITIS
What is the TREATMENT for PARATRACHOMA?
Oral / Topical Antibiotics
a. TETRACYCLINE
b. ERYTHROMYCIN
What GRADING SCALE is used for TRACHOMA?
McCALLAN’s CLASSIFICATION
Stage 1 = INFILTRATION
- Hyperaemia of PALPEBRAL Conjunctiva AND IMMATURE Follicles
Stage 2 = ESTABLISHED TRACHOMA
- MATURE Follicles
- Papillae
- PROGRESSIVE Corneal PANNUS
Stage 3 = SCARRING
- SCARRING of PALPEBRAL Conjunctiva
Stage 4 = HEALING
- Cicatrisation occurs
