23 - Heart Attack Flashcards
1
Q
Cardiac muscle
A
Myocardium
2
Q
Blood supply of the heart
A
Coronary arteries
3
Q
Right side of heart
A
- Receives deoxygenated blood from body
- Pumps it to lungs for oxygenation
4
Q
Left side of heart
A
- Receives oxygenated blood from the lungs
- Pumps it to the body to deliver oxygen and nutrients
5
Q
Myocardial infarction
A
Irreversible necrosis of myocardium due to inadequate blood flow
6
Q
What causes myocardial infarction
A
Typically caused by a narrowing or blockage of blood vessels supplying the heart
7
Q
What does the site and degree of damage in a myocardial infarction depend on
A
- Which vessel is affected and how far along
- How narrow the stenosis
- How great the demands
- How long the imbalance
- How soon intervention
- Other medical conditions (e.g. lung disease)
8
Q
Cells involved in an atheroma
A
Inflammatory cells, macrophages, smooth muscle cells and fibroblasts
9
Q
Atherosclerosis risk factors
A
- Family history
- Smoking
- Diabetes
- Hyperlipidaemia
- Hypertension
10
Q
Symptoms and signs of atherosclerosis
A
- Angina
- Nausea and vomiting
- Shortness of breath
11
Q
Treatment of atherosclerosis
A
- Beta blockers (slow heart rate)
- Stenting
- Aspirin (decreases platelet stickiness)
- Bypass
12
Q
Consequences of myocardial infarct
A
- Heart failure
- Arrythmias
- Ventricular aneurysm
