2.3 Carbohydrates Flashcards

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1
Q

Learning outcomes

A

-Describe the structure of a variety of
monosaccharides.
-Explain how monosaccharides form to make Disaccharides.

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2
Q

Monosaccharides

A
  • Simplest_ “sigle sugars”
  • All have 6 carbon atoms_“hexose” sugar
  • All are ‘Isomers’ of glucose.
  • Same number o C atoms as O atoms.(eg. C6H12O6)
  • Have a general formula and (CH2O)n
  • White crystalline solids
  • Dissolves in water to form sweet tasting solution.(Soluble)
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3
Q

Reactions

A

-Monosaccharide -> polysaccharide

_This done using a condensation reaction.

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4
Q

Key start

A

Study the different disaccharides kn the slide show.

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5
Q

Benedict solution test_testing for reducing sugars

A

Step 1: Place 2 ml of the substance in a boiling tube (substance must be in liquid form).
Step 2: Add 10 drops of Benedict’s solution.
Step 3: Place in a boiling water bath for 3-5 minutes.

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6
Q

Benedict solution results

A

Blue solution → no reducing sugar.
Green/yellow precipitate → traces of reducing sugar.
Orange/red precipitate → moderate amounts of reducing sugar.
Brick red precipitate → large amount of reducing sugar.

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7
Q

Test for non-reducing sugars

A

Step 1: Boil in dilute HCl (to hydrolyse the non-reducing sugar).
Step 2: Neutralise the solution by adding sodium hydrogen carbonate.
Step 3: Repeat the Benedict’s test.

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