1.1 Intro to Cells 2 Flashcards
1
Q
Multicellular organisms
A
Made of different types of specialized cells.
Specialized.
Together show Emergent properties.
eg.Pumping of heart.
2
Q
Specialization of cells
A
Biosphere Ecosystems Communities Populations Organisms Organs Tissues Cells Molecules Atoms
3
Q
Cell specialization
A
A cell specialises because the shape and contents of a cell help it to carry out its function.
eg
Red blood cells have a biconcave shape and no nucleus to maximise space to carry oxygen. They also have lots of haemoglobin.
4
Q
Cell organization
A
Specialized cells are organized into tissues, tissues into organs, Organs into organ systems.
- Tissues (eg. muscle tissue, xylem tissue )
- Organs (eg. the animal heart or plant leaf )
- Organs system(eg.female reproductive system or circulartory system)
5
Q
Stem Cells
A
- Continue to divide.
- Are Unspecialized.
- Can differentiate into specialized cells.
- Can be used in Therapy eg. Stargardt’s disease.
6
Q
Totipotent cells
A
- They exist for a very limited time.
- During development they translate only part of they DNA_this means that the cells remain unspecialized.
- Are able to produce any type of cell in the body.
- Are the most unspecialized stem cell but specialized into different types of cells.
7
Q
Pluripotent cells
A
- Totipotent cells develop into pluripotent cells.
- Pluripotent cells_ cells that are able to divide into unlimited number of cells in oder to make any type of cell in the body.
- Pluripotent cells can be used to treat human disorder.
8
Q
Multi-potent cells
A
- Are found in mature mammals.
- Multi-potent cells can develop into a limited number of cell types.
eg. they can be found in bone marrow.
9
Q
Unipotent cells
A
- Are found in mature mammals.
- Are cells that can can divide to produce a single cell type.
eg. Cardiomyocytes are unipotent cells that can produce muscles cells.
