2.2.4 Biological Molecules Proteins

Question 1

What elements exist in an amino acid?

Answer 1

Nitrogen, Hydrogen, Carbon, Oxygen

Question 2

What is the structure of an amino acid?

Answer 2

NCC backbone
R group
Oxygen double bond
Amino group
Carboxyl group

Question 3

How many different R groups exist?

Answer 3

20

Question 4

How are amino acids joined together?

Answer 4

Peptide bonds via condensation reaction

Question 5

What is the primary structure of a protein?

Answer 5

The order and number of amino acids in a protein

Question 6

What is the secondary structure of a protein?

Answer 6

The shape that the chain of amino acids take - alpha helix or beta pleated sheet

Question 7

How is the secondary structure of a protein determined?

Answer 7

Hydrogen bonding

Question 8

What is the tertiary structure of a protein?

Answer 8

Three dimensional shape of protein
Globular such as enzymes or haemoglobin
Fibrous such as collagen

Question 9

How is the tertiary structure of a protein determined?

Answer 9

R-group interactions such as: ionic bonding, hydrogen bonding, disulphide bridges, hydrophobic interactions and hydrophilic interactions

Question 10

Where is collagen found?

Answer 10

Bones, Cartilage, Connective tissues, Tendons

Question 11

What is the structure of haemoglobin?

Answer 11

Water soluble protein which consists of two alpha and two beta polypeptide chains each containing a haem group