2.1 Cell Structure Flashcards
What is the ultra structure of a cell?
Its fine structure as revealed at high magnification.
What is the function of the nucleus?
Manages the cells genetic material.
What is the structure of the nucleus?
Membrane-bound organelle
Nuclear envelope with Nuclear pores
Contains Nucleolus
What is the function of the nucleolus?
Site of ribosome production.
What is the function of the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum?
To Fold and Process proteins.
What is the structure of the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum?
A series of Flattened sacs enclosed by a Membrane
Contains Ribosomes on Surface
What is the structure of the Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum?
A series of Flattened sacs enclosed by a Membrane
What is the function of the Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum?
Produces and Processes Lipids
What is the structure of the Golgi Apparatus?
Series of Fluid filled Sacs
With vesicles surrounding the edges
What is the function of the Golgi Apparatus?
Processes and Packages Proteins and Lipids
Produces lysosomes
What is the structure of Mitochondria?
Oval shaped
Double-membrane
Contains Cristae (inner membrane folds)
Contains Matrix
What is the function of Mitochondria?
Site of respiration
What is the structure of Centrioles?
Hallow cylinders
Arranged in a Circle of nine Microtubule triplets
What is the function of Centrioles?
Allow Mitotic Spindle to form during Cell Division
What is the structure of Ribosomes?
Large subunit ontop of Small subunit
What is the function of Ribosomes?
Site of Protein Synthesis
What is the structure of a lysosome?
Vesicle
Membrane-bound
What is the function of a lysosome?
Contains Digestive Enzymes
Breaks down Unwanted Cell Material
What organelles are involved in protein synthesis?
Ribosomes
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Vesicles
Golgi apparatus
Describe protein synthesis/transport.
(6 points)
Ribosomes produce protein
RER folds and processes proteins
Vesicles transport protein to Golgi Apparatus
Golgi Apparatus further modifies protein
Golgi Apparatus packages protein into vesicle
Vesicle takes them around cell or to secratory vesicle for exocytosis
What is the structure of Prokaryotic cell wall?
Made of Peptidoglycan
What is the function of Prokaryotic cell wall?
Protect cell interior
Maintain cell shape
Prevent Cytolysis (cell bursting)
What is the function of Prokaryotic Capsule?
Outer layer to maintain moisture
Help adhere to surfaces
What is the function and structure of plasmids?
Sinlge loops of non-membrane-bound DNA in Prokaryotic cells
