2.2: The episodic buffer Flashcards
Bryan has been driving for five years.
Whilst driving, Bryan can hold conversations or listen to music with little difficulty.
Bob has had four driving lessons.
Driving requires so much of Bob’s concentration that, during lessons, he often misses what his driving instructor is telling him.
With reference to features of the working memory model, explain the different experiences of Bryan and Bob (4 marks)
Because driving is an ‘automated’ task for Bryan, it makes fewer attentional demands on his central executive
Bryan has been driving for five years.
Whilst driving, Bryan can hold conversations or listen to music with little difficulty.
Bob has had four driving lessons.
Driving requires so much of Bob’s concentration that, during lessons, he often misses what his driving instructor is telling him.
With reference to features of the working memory model, explain the different experiences of Bryan and Bob (4 marks).
Because driving is an ‘automated’ task for Bryan, it makes fewer attentional demands on his central executive, so what?
Because driving is an ‘automated’ task for Bryan, it makes fewer attentional demands on his central executive, so he is free to perform other tasks
Bryan has been driving for five years.
Whilst driving, Bryan can hold conversations or listen to music with little difficulty.
Bob has had four driving lessons.
Driving requires so much of Bob’s concentration that, during lessons, he often misses what his driving instructor is telling him.
With reference to features of the working memory model, explain the different experiences of Bryan and Bob (4 marks).
Because driving is an ‘automated’ task for Bryan, it makes fewer attentional demands on his central executive, so he is free to perform other tasks (such as what?)
Because driving is an ‘automated’ task for Bryan, it makes fewer attentional demands on his central executive, so he is free to perform other tasks (such as talking or listening to music)
Bryan has been driving for five years.
Whilst driving, Bryan can hold conversations or listen to music with little difficulty.
Bob has had four driving lessons.
Driving requires so much of Bob’s concentration that, during lessons, he often misses what his driving instructor is telling him.
With reference to features of the working memory model, explain the different experiences of Bryan and Bob (4 marks).
Because driving is an ‘automated’ task for Bryan, it makes fewer attentional demands on his central executive, so he is free to perform other tasks (such as talking or listening to music).
Who is this not the case for?
This is not the case for Bob
Bryan has been driving for five years.
Whilst driving, Bryan can hold conversations or listen to music with little difficulty.
Bob has had four driving lessons.
Driving requires so much of Bob’s concentration that, during lessons, he often misses what his driving instructor is telling him.
With reference to features of the working memory model, explain the different experiences of Bryan and Bob (4 marks).
Because driving is an ‘automated’ task for Bryan, it makes fewer attentional demands on his central executive, so he is free to perform other tasks (such as talking or listening to music).
This is not the case for Bob, who what?
This is not the case for Bob, who requires all of his attentional capacity for driving
Bryan has been driving for five years.
Whilst driving, Bryan can hold conversations or listen to music with little difficulty.
Bob has had four driving lessons.
Driving requires so much of Bob’s concentration that, during lessons, he often misses what his driving instructor is telling him.
With reference to features of the working memory model, explain the different experiences of Bryan and Bob (4 marks).
Because driving is an ‘automated’ task for Bryan, it makes fewer attentional demands on his central executive, so he is free to perform other tasks (such as talking or listening to music).
This is not the case for Bob, who requires all of his attentional capacity for driving.
Therefore, what?
Therefore, Bob cannot dual task or divide resources effectively between the components of working memory
Bryan has been driving for five years.
Whilst driving, Bryan can hold conversations or listen to music with little difficulty.
Bob has had four driving lessons.
Driving requires so much of Bob’s concentration that, during lessons, he often misses what his driving instructor is telling him.
With reference to features of the working memory model, explain the different experiences of Bryan and Bob (4 marks).
Because driving is an ‘automated’ task for Bryan, it makes fewer attentional demands on his central executive, so he is free to perform other tasks (such as talking or listening to music).
This is not the case for Bob, who requires all of his attentional capacity for driving.
Therefore, Bob cannot dual task or divide resources effectively between the components of working memory, whereas what is Bryan able to do?
Therefore, Bob cannot dual task or divide resources effectively between the components of working memory, whereas Bryan is able to divide resources between his visuo-spatial sketchpad (driving) and phonological loop (talking and listening to music)
Bryan has been driving for five years.
Whilst driving, Bryan can hold conversations or listen to music with little difficulty.
Bob has had four driving lessons.
Driving requires so much of Bob’s concentration that, during lessons, he often misses what his driving instructor is telling him.
With reference to features of the working memory model, explain the different experiences of Bryan and Bob (4 marks).
Because driving is an ‘automated’ task for Bryan, it makes fewer attentional demands on his central executive, so he is free to perform other tasks (such as talking or listening to music).
This is not the case for Bob, who requires all of his attentional capacity for driving.
Therefore, Bob cannot dual task or divide resources effectively between the components of working memory, whereas Bryan is able to divide resources between his visuo-spatial sketchpad (driving) and phonological loop (talking and listening to music) and thus do what?
Therefore, Bob cannot dual task or divide resources effectively between the components of working memory, whereas Bryan is able to divide resources between his visuo-spatial sketchpad (driving) and phonological loop (talking and listening to music) and thus dual-task
Research studies of the WMM sometimes use case studies of patients with brain damage that affects the functioning of their memory.
Explain ethical considerations researchers would have to take into account when conducting such research (4 marks)
When conducting such case studies, researchers would need to make sure they didn’t cause any harm to the participants
Research studies of the WMM sometimes use case studies of patients with brain damage that affects the functioning of their memory.
Explain ethical considerations researchers would have to take into account when conducting such research (4 marks).
When conducting such case studies, researchers would need to make sure they didn’t cause any harm to the participants.
As they have damage to their memory functioning, what?
As they have damage to their memory functioning, they could easily be stressed
Research studies of the WMM sometimes use case studies of patients with brain damage that affects the functioning of their memory.
Explain ethical considerations researchers would have to take into account when conducting such research (4 marks).
When conducting such case studies, researchers would need to make sure they didn’t cause any harm to the participants.
As they have damage to their memory functioning, they could easily be stressed.
What may also be problematic?
Gaining informed consent may also be problematic
Research studies of the WMM sometimes use case studies of patients with brain damage that affects the functioning of their memory.
Explain ethical considerations researchers would have to take into account when conducting such research (4 marks).
When conducting such case studies, researchers would need to make sure they didn’t cause any harm to the participants.
As they have damage to their memory functioning, they could easily be stressed.
Gaining informed consent may also be problematic, why?
Gaining informed consent may also be problematic, as participants may not recall that they have given such consent
Research studies of the WMM sometimes use case studies of patients with brain damage that affects the functioning of their memory.
Explain ethical considerations researchers would have to take into account when conducting such research (4 marks).
When conducting such case studies, researchers would need to make sure they didn’t cause any harm to the participants.
As they have damage to their memory functioning, they could easily be stressed.
Gaining informed consent may also be problematic, as participants may not recall that they have given such consent.
Informed consent should therefore be gained from who?
Informed consent should therefore be gained from the person or persons responsible for the participant’s care
