2.2 Cell structure

Question 1

Cell differentiation

Answer 1

the process where cells become specialised by producing different proteins

Question 2

Cell membrane

Answer 2

a partially permeable barrier that surrounds the cell and controls which substances move in and out of cells

Question 3

cell wall

Answer 3

a fully permeable outer layer found in some cells
–> in plants it is made from cellulose
–> in fungi it is made from chitin

Question 4

Chloroplast

Answer 4

an organelle that is the site of photosynthesis

Question 5

Cytoplasm

Answer 5

contains dissolved nutrients and all of the organelles of the cell and the site of many metabolic reactions

Question 6

Mitochondria

Answer 6

an organelle that is the site of aerobic respiration

Question 7

Nucleus

Answer 7

an organelle found only in eukaryotic cells and contains the genetic material(DNA) and controls the activities of the cell

Question 8

Ribosomes

Answer 8

organelles that are the site of protein synthesis

Question 9

Stem cells

Answer 9

undifferentiated cell that can divide rapidly to produce specialised cells

Question 10

Vacuole

Answer 10

found in plant cells, contains dissolved nutrients and supports the shape of the cell