2.2 b) Evolution - Fitness + Co-Evolution Flashcards
Define the fitness of an individual.
What can fitness be used to infer?
its ability to survive and reproduce.
the fitness and survivability of potential offspring.
The fitness of an individual is an indication of its ability to ___ and ___.
Fitness can be used to infer the ___ and ___ of ___ ___.
survive and reproduce.
fitness and survivability of potential offspring
Fitness can be defined in ___ or ___ terms.
absolute or relative
Fitness refers to the contribution made to the ___ ___ of the next ___ by individual ___.
gene pool, generation, genotypes
What is absolute fitness?
the ratio between the frequency of individuals of a particular genotype after and before selection.
If the absolute fitness of a genotype is 1, then…
the frequency of that genotype is stable
An absolute fitness greater than 1 indicates…
An absolute fitness smaller than 1 indicates…
an increase in that genotype.
a decrease in that genotype
What is relative fitness?
the ratio of the number of surviving offspring of a particular, and the most successful genotype.
Absolute fitness is:
The ___ of individuals with a particular genotype ___ ___ / the ___ of individuals with that genotype ___ selecton.
frequency, after selection / frequency, before
Relative fitness is:
the number of ___ ___ per individual of a particular ___ / the number of ___ ___ per individual of the most ___ ___.
surviving offspring, genotype / surviving offspring, successful genotype
Co-evolution is the process by which ___ or ___ species evolve in response to ___ ___ imposed by ___ ___.
two or more, selection pressures, each other
What is co-evolution?
the process by which two or more species evolve in response to selection pressures imposed by each other.
In co-evolution, a change in the ___ of one ___ acts as a ___ ___ on the other ___.
traits, species, selection pressure, species
Co-evolution is frequently seen in…
pairs of species with a symbiotic relationship
Co-evolution occurs between a ___ and its ___.
parasite, host
