1.21 The Proteome

Question 1

What is the proteome?

Answer 1

The proteome is the entire set of proteins that can be produced by a genome/organism.

Question 2

Is the number of proteins in the proteome smaller or larger than the number of genes?
Why is this?

Answer 2

the proteome is larger,
because alternate RNA splicing allows more than one type of protein to be produced from a single gene

Question 3

Not all genes are expressed as ___.

Answer 3

proteins

Question 4

What do you call genes that do not code for proteins?

Answer 4

non-coding RNA genes

Question 5

What do non-coding RNA genes produce when translated?

Answer 5

RNA molecules that control gene expression (tRNA, rRNA and other RNAs - not mRNA though)

Question 6

The set of proteins produced by a cell type may ___ over time or due to certain ___.

Answer 6

change, conditions

Question 7

What are the four factors that affect the set of proteins produced by a cell?

Answer 7

responding to signalling molecules
cellular stress
diseases
metabolic activity