2.1 Skill Acquistion (Learning Theories)

Question 1

Associationist

Answer 1

A group of theories related to connecting stimulus and response

Question 2

Reinforcement

Answer 2

The process that increases the probability of a behaviour occurring. increase the S-R bond

Question 3

Positive reinforcement

Answer 3

The stimulus is given when the desired response occurs

Question 4

Negative reinforcement

Answer 4

The stimulus is withdrawn when the desired response occurs

Question 5

Punishment

Answer 5

Giving a stimulus to prevent a response occurring

Question 6

Thorndike’s “Laws”

Answer 6

Law of exercise, Law of effect, Law of readiness

Question 7

Intervening variables

Answer 7

Mental processes occurring between the stimulus being received and the response

Question 8

Insight learning

Answer 8

Problem-solving involving memory, previous experiences are used to help solve new problems

Question 9

Gestaltists

Answer 9

A group of German scientists who established many principles or laws of perception

Question 10

Social learning

Answer 10

A perspective on personality theory that suggests personality and associated behaviour are determined by the situation or social environment rather than a series of traits or biological pre-determinants

Question 11

Significant others

Answer 11

People who are highly significant to us, role models and we have a tendency to copy them

Question 12

Cueing

Answer 12

Identifying important cues or stimuli