2.1 - Metabolic Pathways Flashcards

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1
Q

What are Metabolic Pathways?

A

Metabolic pathways are integrated and controlled pathways of enzyme-catalysed reactions within a cell

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2
Q

What are the 3 types of steps a metabolic pathways can have?

A

-Reversible steps
-Irreversible steps
-Alternative Routes

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3
Q

What is an Anabolic reaction?

A

The building up of large molecules from small molecules, this process requires energy

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4
Q

What is a Catabolic reaction?

A

The breakdown of large molecules into smaller molecules, this process releases energy

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5
Q

What are Metabolic Pathways controlled by?

A

Metabolic Pathways are controlled by the presence or absence of particular enzymes and the regulations of the rate of reaction of key enzymes

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6
Q

What is Induced fit?

A

Induced fit is when the active site changes shape to better fit the substrate

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7
Q

What molecule has a high affinity for the active site?

A

Substrates

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8
Q

What molecule has a low affinity for the active site?

A

Product(s)

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9
Q

What are the 3 types of Inhibitors?

A

-Competitive inhibitors
-Non-competitive inhibitors
-Feedback inhibitors

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10
Q

Where do Competitive Inhibitors bind?

A

Active Site

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11
Q

Can Competitive Inhibitors be reversed?

A

Yes, through increasing substrate concentration

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12
Q

Where do Non-competitive Inhibitors bind?

A

At an allosteric site but change the shape of the active site preventing the substrate from binding

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13
Q

Can Non-competitive Inhibitors be reversed?

A

No

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14
Q

When does Feedback Inhibition occur?

A

When the end product in the metabolic pathway reaches a critical concentration

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15
Q

How does Feedback Inhibition work?

A

The end-product inhibits an earlier enzyme, blocking the pathways, and so prevents further synthesis of the end product.

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16
Q

What are the 2 types of cell reactions called?

A

Catabolic
Anabolic

17
Q

What does the term Integrated mean?

A

The linking together of different pathways

18
Q

What molecule controls all the pathways in a cell?

A

Enzyme

19
Q

What is a Pump?

A

A protein in which a membrane needs energy for its function

20
Q

What is a Pore?

A

A protein in which a membrane is a channel for specific molecules