21-inheritance

Question 1

what are genes and chromosomes

Answer 1

1. Gene: length of DNA that encodes for a specific function
2. Chromosome: thread like structure that encodes for a protein

Question 2

what is an allele

Answer 2

version of a Gene

Question 3

how are proteins made in the cytoplasm?

Answer 3

1. mRNA enters the nucleus
2. It copes the base sequence
3. takes the copy to the ribosome
4. sequence of the amnio acids determines the protein

Question 4

mitosis and uses

Answer 4

produces genetically identical cells
1. growth and replacement
2. asexual reproduction
3. used to make stem cells, which are unspecialised cells

Question 5

what are adaptive features?

Answer 5

advantageous features that help an organism survive and reproduce

Question 6

how are xerophytes adapted to live in hot climates

Answer 6

1. sunken stomata and hairs: trap a layer of moisture to decreases transpiration
2. roll their leaves
3. thick waxy cuticle to trap moisture
4. close stomata during the day and open them during the night

Question 7

how are water lilies adapted to live on water

Answer 7

1. air spaces to float on water
2. stomata on upper surface only

Question 8

what is natural selection

Answer 8

the survival and reproduction of better adapted organisms

Question 9

how does natural selection work

Answer 9

1. Genetic mutation to create a new allele
2. Competition between offspring
3. only organisms with adaptive features survive
4. adaptive features pass on their allele

Question 10

what is selective breeding?

Answer 10

• Artificial selection of organisms with desirable features

Question 11

selective breeding vs. natural selection

Answer 11

a - Selective breeding:

1. Not random mating
2. desirable features
3. decreases genetic variation
4. ## fasterb- natural selection:
   opposite