2.1 Definitions

Question 1

Orbital

Answer 1

A region around the nucleus that can hold up to 2 electrons with opposite spins

Question 2

Relative Atomic Mass

Answer 2

The weighted mean mass of an atom compared with 1/12 of the mass of an atom of carbon-12

Question 3

Relative Isotopic Mass

Answer 3

The mass of an atom of an isotope compared with 1/12 of the mass of an atom of carbon-12

Question 4

Empirical Formula

Answer 4

Simplest whole number ratio of atoms in a substance

Question 5

Covalent Bonding

Answer 5

The strong electrostatic attraction between a shared pair of electrons and the nuclei of the bonded atoms

Question 6

Giant Ionic Lattice Structure

Answer 6

A regular repeating 3 dimensional structure where all ions are surrounded by oppositely charged ions

Question 7

Ionic Bonding

Answer 7

Electrostatic attraction between positive and negative ions

Question 8

Atom

Answer 8

The smallest unit of matter

Question 9

Element

Answer 9

A substance made of one type of atom

Question 10

Molecule

Answer 10

2 or more atoms bonded together

Question 11

Compound

Answer 11

Two or more different types of atoms bonded together in a set ratio

Question 12

Acid

Answer 12

A substance releasing H+ ions

Question 13

Salt

Answer 13

A compound formed when an H+ ion from an acid has been replaced by a metal or ammonium

Question 14

Effervescence

Answer 14

Formation of gas bubbles in a liquid by a reaction

Question 15

Precipitate

Answer 15

A solid that forms from a solution during a reaction

Question 16

Ideal Gas Equation

Answer 16

pV = nRT

Question 17

°C to K conversion

Answer 17

+273

Question 18

R.t.p

Answer 18

25°C (298K) and 1atm

Question 19

S.t.p

Answer 19

0°C (273K) and 1atm

Question 20

Atm to Pa conversion

Answer 20

× 101000

Question 21

cm³ to m³

Answer 21

÷ 1,000,000

Question 22

dm³ to m³

Answer 22

÷ 1000

Question 23

Volume of 1mol gas at s.t.p

Answer 23

22.4 dm³

Question 24

Volume of 1mol gas at r.t.p

Answer 24

24 dm³

Question 25

Isotopes

Answer 25

Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons and different masses

Question 26

Mole

Answer 26

The amount of any substance containing as many particles as there are carbon atoms in 12g of carbon-12

Question 27

Standard solution

Answer 27

A solution of a known concentration

Question 28

Water of crystallisation

Answer 28

Water molecules that form an essential part of the crystalline structure of a compound