2.1) Autocracy Flashcards
What is autocracy?
- The Tsars believed they were only accountable by God
- Tsar believed that God placed them on the earth to be the father to the Russian people, as they were ill equipped
- As the Russian empire was so vast autocracy was deemed necessary to rule
(Pobedonostev believed a constitutional monarchy would be a disaster for regimes and leaed to peasants demaning different things
How was Alexander II autocratic?
- 1866 ended reform programme after assassination attempt
- 1877 held the ‘trial of 50’
How was Alexander II liberal?
- 1856 abolition of the serfs
- 1863 reformed the education system by allowing the existence of private schools
- Formed Zemstvas (regional councils)
- 1865 issued new guidelines for publishers which allowed greater freedom
How much of an autocratic ruler was Alexander II?
7/10 Alexander really focused on trying to make his people as happy as possible through democratic reforms. Allowed his people to have more freedom
How was Alexander III autocratic?
- 1881 Passed the Statue Concerning measures of the production of State security and the social order
- 1881 Russification order and pogroms against jews
- 1887 ordered execution of Lenin’s brother
- 1889 land captains appointed to order peasants around
How was Alexander III liberal?
1883 Peasant land bank
How much of an autocrat was Alexander III?
9/10 quite autocratic, made off decisions that only benefitted his rule and authority. But also not very autocratic where he wasn’t as harsh on his people as other leaders.
How was Nicholas II autocratic?
- 1906 first fundamental laws
- 1915 ordered armed forces to be put under Tsar control
How was Nicholas II liberal?
- 1905 introduced October Manifesto and new constitution
- 1906 introduced first duma
How much of an autocrat was Nicholas II?
5/10 started off his reign by being very democratic and inclusive, but by then when he entered the war he became autocratic and tried to do everyone’s roles.
