1-1894-1905

Question 1

What were Nicholas II’s weaknesses as a Tsar?

Answer 1

• He lacked imagination
• did not want to rule
• Opposed to change

Question 2

Who supported **Nicholas II **greatly in his ideolodies?

Answer 2

His chief minister Pobedonostev

Question 3

What did Pobedonostev believe?

Answer 3

• He was opposed to liberalism
• saw democracy as a lie
• Wanted Tsars to be ruthless

Question 4

What were some agricultural problems as the time?

Answer 4

• Agriculture was very slow
• Not enough land to go around

Question 5

What was the Emancipation Edict?

Answer 5

Serfs could buy back their freedom through redemption payments to the landowners.

Like a mortgage

Question 6

What were the negative consequences of the Emancipation Edict?

Answer 6

Serfs built up massive debt

Question 8

How did most peasents see the Tsar?

Answer 8

As a father figure and were very loyal

Question 9

Who was Witte?

Answer 9

He was the minister of finance

Question 10

What did Witte do for the economy?

Answer 10

• Brought in foreign engineers
• Negotiated loans
• Started the great railway programme

Question 11

What were problems with Witte’s reforms?

Answer 11

• Ignored majority of agricultural problems
• Huge social problems- towns grew 97%
• poor housing for workers created class struggle, brough lower classes together

Question 12

What political problems did Russia have?

Answer 12

• Had no democracy
• 1894 it was a criminal offence to oppose the Tsar
• Many arrested by secret police for political beliefs
• 1881 Alexander II assassinated by terrorist group
• politics secretly developed

Question 13

Who supported the social revolutionaries?

Answer 13

The countryside

Question 14

Who supported the social democrats?

Answer 14

Towns and workers

Question 15

Why did Russia go to war with Japan?

Answer 15

• Russia wanted to end unrest within counrty.
• And didnt think they would be beaten by Japan

Question 16

Who won the war?

Answer 16

Japan

Question 17

Why did Russia lose the war?

Answer 17

• Russia had an outdated armed forces
• Japan had been modernising their armed forces and were more powerful

Question 18

What were the consequences of Russia losing the war?

Answer 18

Russia were stunned with humiliation, and more unrest was caused

Question 19

What was Bloody Sunday?

Answer 19

A peaceful march to request change from the Tsars. But troops opened fire on the protestors and up to 200 people died.

Question 20

What were the consequences of Bloody Sunday?

Answer 20

• Tsar held responsible, damaged appearance
• Sparked lots of unrest among workers
• Country on verge of collapse
• State losing control- military mutinies
• Witte called back to advise
• August Manifesto

Question 21

What did the October Manifesto promise?

Answer 21

• freedom of speech and assembly
• a law making parliament
• the right for political parties to exist

Question 22

How did Nicholas II deal with the peasents?

Answer 22

Lessened the payments need for the land, made the more content

Question 23

How did Nicholas II deal with the workers and soviets?

Answer 23

He didn’t, workers were repressed and moscow building set alight in protest

Question 24

What were the 2 reasons the Tsars kept power?

Answer 24

1. the army stayed loyal and wanted to crush the soviets
2. classes so divided, that their struggles weren’t the same so did not want to join each other in protest- disjointed

Question 25

Was the 1905 revolution a revolution?

Answer 25

No, because no revolutionary groups were involved