2023 Paper 3 (19/03/2025) Flashcards
Advantages of data logging?
Reduces statistical error involved in manually reading and recording data. Data can be recorded at a higher rate. Data in digital form is easily processed. Two or more sets of data can be collected simultaneously. Data logging improves precision, resolution, reduces uncertainty, eliminates random and systematic and parallax error
Suitable search coil?
A search coil needs to be cut by a changing flux. If it isn’t there will be no emf induced in the search coil. The flux can be changed by rotating either coil, turning dc current off, moving either coil relative to each other
Characteristics of uniform field?
Field lines will be parallel and evenly spaced
Short time period for stroboscope?
To reduce blurring of images captured otherwise to identify the position of the ball in each picture.
Spectral Classes temperatures?
O -> 50,000 K -25,000 K
B -> 25,000 K - 11,000 K
A -> 11,000 K - 7,500 K
F -> 7,500 K - 6,000 K
G -> 6,000 K - 5,000 K
K -> 5,000 K - 3,500 K
M -> < 3500 K
Angle created by parsec?
The angle produced of 1 pc is the equivalent of 1/3600 degrees
Evolution of Sun from formation to white dwarf?
Starts on the edge of main sequence at an absolute magnitude of 5 in line with spectral class G on Hertzsprung Russell diagram. Then transitions to giants and then to the white dwarf sections of the diagram
When do gamma ray bursts occur?
Gamma ray bursts are produced when a super giant collapses. When this collapse happens a neutron star or black hole is created
Star Brightness comparison ?
Intensity of star 2 / Intensity of star 1 = 2.51 ^ (Apparent magnitude of star 1 - Apparent magnitude of star 2
Comparing telescopes?
Telescopes can be compared with the relationship between collecting power and dish diameter. Collecting Power ∝ Dish Diameter ^ 2
CCD’s used for observing dim stars?
Better quantum efficiency compared to eye meaning more incident photons are detected. Can combine images and expose for long periods of time which the eye cannot do meaning more light is collected and image contrast is better. CCD’s can operate remotely unlike eye meaning it can be positioned with minimized light pollution and atmospheric absorption. CCD’s can detect more wavelengths beyond visible meaning more of stars energy is collected
Defining properties of black hole?
A black hole is an object with an escape velocity greater than the speed of light and has a gravitational field which is so great light cannot escape
Measurement assumptions involving type 1a supernovae?
Expansion of universe is accelerating and rate of expansion is increasing and these factors are due to dark energy
Estimating age of universe from recessional speed against distance from Earth graph?
Draw a line of best fit through origin and gradient will be the age of the universe
Comparing Colour of stars?
Discuss amount of redness experienced from star being less cool than other. Then mention colours as a result of their temperature and consequently class
Brightness comparison of stars?
Star with lower apparent magnitude is brightest and use ratio of brightness through 2.51^apparent magnitude to find this scale factor
Comparing Power of stars?
Compare power outputs and discuss significance compared to apparent magnitudes
