2023 Paper 1 (14/01/2025) Flashcards
Benefit of International Research Teams?
Research is expensive which means it requires funding from many countries. Both scientists and engineers are required as infrastructure is complex and research is multidisciplinary meaning different people involved. Research is round the clock and involves a lot of data meaning large teams are needed on a shift basis to carry out the work so it can get done
Conservation Law in a circuit with 2 identical resistors?
For each coulomb of charge passing through the cell the energy supplied is equal to the batteries EMF. This means the conservation of energy is explained by: EMF = IR1 + IR2 + IR
Impact of conducting layer thickness?
If the conducting layer is thicker the resistance in that section will be lower. On a thinner part the resistance will be higher. If there’s a copper contact on the conducting layer it means there’s no resistance.
Emergent ray parallel to the incident ray?
This can occur when each angle of incidence is equal and the angle produced is greater than the critical angle. This means total internal reflection occurs. As this happens at each angle of incidence it means the angle of incidence when it leaves the block is 0 degrees. So, as the ray leaves along the normal it results in the ray emerging parallel to the incident ray
How to restore Total Internal Reflection if a prisms refractive index has decreased?
A smaller refractive index increases the critical angle. Since the angle of incidence has to be greater than this it means the change that would allow this would be making the angle of incidence at the boundary of the prism smaller.
Brittle Material Identifier on stress/strain graph?
The wire undergoing a small increase in strain beyond the linear section where Hooke’s Law is obeyed before the fracture signifies its brittle
Simple Harmonic Motion Relationship?
The relationship which proves simple harmonic motion is acceleration is directly proportional to the displacement
Resonance?
Resonance is the amplitude of osculations being at a maximum due to the frequency of driving oscillations being equal to the natural frequency of a lightly damped system
Muon Properties?
Muons will decay into electrons, muons are leptons so contain no quarks, muons are subject to the weak interaction
Electron Antineutrino release significance?
Whenever an electron antineutrino is released it signifies beta minus decay. This involves a neutron turning into a proton otherwise a down quark turning to an up quark which means the other particle produced will be an electron as the negative lepton number of this particle means to cancel it out the electron has to be produced
Standing Wave Properties?
Same frequency, travel in opposite directions, same speed
Increasing slit width for single narrow slit that’s illuminated?
This means there’s less diffraction occurring and as a result the central maximum narrows. A more condensed central maximum will have a higher intensity of light which results in it having a higher brightness
Displacement Equation?
Displacement = √ (Horizontal Component ^ 2) + (Vertical Component^2)
Gradient and Area of momentum against time graph?
The gradient is the force and the area under the graph is the equivalent of the mass multiplied by the displacement
Properties of a superconducting metal?
Resistance is equal to zero and the critical temperature is dependant of the metal of the superconducting metal
Terminal Speed of falling object relationship?
The terminal speed of a falling object has drag equal to the weight of a falling object
Constant Current?
To ensure a circuit has a constant current you show set it up in a fully series as any kind of branch or parallel configuration will change the current
Minimum Acceleration in simple harmonic motion?
Minimum acceleration is experienced in the furthest position from the centre of the oscillating object
Minimum Potential Energy in simple harmonic motion?
Minimum Potential Energy is encountered when the oscillating object is in its equilibrium position
