2016 module exam Flashcards
What is the mechanism by which the ions above are regulated in pancreatic secretions?
An exchanger transporter
A lady had an accident and got her left mandible fractured and the left hypoglossal nerve injured. What will be the effect?
a. Deviation of the tongue to the left upon protrusion
b. Loss of sensation in the anterior 2/3rds of the tongue
c. Deviation of the uvula to the left
a. Deviation of the tongue to the left upon protrusion
A slow growing tumor deep in the parotid gland has compressed structures within the gland. Pulse in which artery will be decreased?
a. Facial artery
b. Lingual artery
c. Superficial temporal
d. Superior thyroid
c. Superficial temporal
A patient undergone removal of glandular tissue, problem with removing his tongue, which gland was removed?
a. Sublingual gland
b. Parotid gland
c. Buccal glands
d. Submandibular gland
d. Submandibular gland
You examined a pancreatic and a parotid gland under the microscope, what will differentiate between the two?
a. Centroacinar cells in pancreas and striated ducts in parotid
b. Striated ducts in the pancreas while centroacinar cells are seen in the parotid
a. Centroacinar cells in pancreas and striated ducts in parotid
A patient feels pain in the lower right second molar tooth, which nerve is responsible for the pain
sensation?
a. Maxillary nerve
b. Lingual nerve
c. Inferior alveolar
c. Inferior alveolar
Upon tonsillectomy, the patient developed dysphagia and swallowing difficulty. Which nerve was affected?
a. Glossopharyngeal nerve
b. V agus nerve
c. Hypoglossal nerve
a. Glossopharyngeal nerve
A surgeon wants to remove lymph nodes located in the retropharangyeal space because of cacer metastasis. He started from the lumen, What is the outermost layer he must incise before reaching the lymph nodes?
a. mucosa
b. submucosa
c. pharyngobasilar
d. buccopharyngeal
d. buccopharyngeal
a surgeon removed a part of the thoracic esophagus and damaged a nerve. What will happen as a result?
a. Increased gastric motility
b. Decreased gastric motility
c. Decreased peristalsis of sigmoid colon
d. Increased peristalsis of sigmoid colon
e. Closure/contraction of pyloric sphincter
b. Decreased gastric motility
Hernia covered with the covering of the spermatic cord
. Femoral hernia
b. Direct inguinal hernia
c. Indirect inguinal hernia
c. Indirect inguinal hernia
What is the efferent nerve fiber for the cremasteric reflex?
a. Iliohypogastric nerve
b. Genitofemoral nerve
c. Lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh
d. Subcostal nerve
b. Genitofemoral nerve
Infection from appendicitis reached the subphrenic recess. How?
Paracolic gutter
Patient suffers from epigastric pain and left shoulder pain. He suffers from gastritis and gastric ulcer with posterior perforation. What is responsible for the pain in the left shoulder?
a. Occlusion of artery in the lesser curvature of the stomach
b. Injury to posterior gastric nerve
c. Involvement of the thoracic splanchnic nerves
d. Peritonitis
e. Splenic enlargement that is compressing the stomach
d. Peritonitis
A middle-aged man with PUD in the first part of the duodenum, presented with peritoneal
bleeding in the abdominal cavity. What artery is affected?
a. Splenic artery
b. Anterior superior pancreatiduodenal artery
c. Gastroduodenal artery
d. Left gastric artery
c. Gastroduodenal artery
What is secreted by the parietal cells?
HCl and intrinsic factor
Which congenital abnormality is associated with excessive growth around the 2nd part of the
duodenum?/ narrowing of the second part of the duodenum and dilation of the first part?
Annular pancreas
A student was looking at a hepatocyte under an electronic microscope she identified an organelle with circular profile, membrane-bounded tubules. which organelle was that?
a. lysosome
b. peroxisome
c. rough endoplasmic reticulum
d. smooth endoplasmic reticulum
d. smooth endoplasmic reticulum (the answer is confirmed by medical education
department)
A student was looking at a hepatocyte under an electronic microscope she identified a cell with a
fat droplet in the perisinusoidal space
a. Kupffer cells
b. Stellate cells
b. Stellate cells
Peritoneal impression in the visceral surface of the liver segments V-Vlll (causing a prominent line) just lateral to the gallbladder. Relation to which organ?
a. Right kidney
b. Right colic flexure
c. Right suprarenal gland
d. Descending part of the duodenum
a. Right kidney (the answer is confirmed by medical education department)
Solutes in ileum are actively transported from lumen to lamina propria, which structural feature necessities the phenomenon?
a. Impermeable tight junction
b. presence of Microvilli
c. presence of numerous goblet cell
d. presence of intracellular space
a. Impermeable tight junction
How do surgeons locate the appendix?
Confluence of tenia coli
Woman presented with rectal incontinence after giving birth. Contrast radiograph shows reduced angulation between rectum and anal canal. Which muscle is mostly affected?
a. Iliococcygeus
b. Puborectalis
c. Ischiococcygeal
d. Internal anal sphincter
b. Puborectalis
What oral tumor is the end result of notch1 p53 p63?
a. Oral squamous cell carcinoma
b. Salivary gland adenocarcinoma
b. Salivary gland
Which of the following is known as pregnancy tumor?
Pyogenic granuloma
A histology of a salivary gland showed cystic glandular spaces embedded in dense lymphoid tissue (know that they also have oncocytes)
Warniths tumor
Endoscopy in a 43-yo man showed white patches in mid-esophagus. A biopsy of this lesion
would show?
a. Candida esophagitis
b. Squamous papilloma
c. Adenocarcinoma
d. Reflux esophagitis
a. Candida esophagitis (the answer is confirmed by medical education department)
Severe coughing spells interfering with breathing after eating observed in a neonate. Further, the baby had frequent pulmonary infections and bouts of abdominal bloating. Which of the following may be the cause of the above symptoms?
a. Annular pancreas
b. Tracheoesophageal fistula
c. Inversion of pancreatic duct
d. Malrotation of the gut
b. Tracheoesophageal fistula
What is the mechanism of diet-induced carcinogenesis?
a. Inhibition of h. Pylori
b. Production of nitrosamines
c. Inhibition of IGF1
b. Production of nitrosamines
A 54 y/o man with epigastric pain that improves with eating. Endoscopy shows duodenal ulcer
and antral gastritis. Biopsy of the antrum shows lymphocytic tissue with gram negative rods.
a. Duodenal carcinoma
b. Peptic ulcer
c. Chronic atrophic gastritis
d. MALT lymphoma
b. Peptic ulcer
A 30 y/o male presented with heartburn that occurs after eating large meals. Endoscopy of the
esophagus showed tongue-like projections in the lower 1/3rd of the esophagus. Biopsy showed columnar metaplasia. What is the diagnosis?
GERD (it can also be barret esophagus but it wasn’t among the choices)
What is the cause of malnutrition in inflammatory bowel diseases?
a. Anorexia due to inflammatory cytokines
b. Diet restrictions due to steroid intake
c. Maldigestion due to TNF and IL-6
d. Malabsorption due to alteration of intestinal flora
a. Anorexia due to inflammatory cytokines (the answer is confirmed by medical education department)
Which immune factor is found around the bile ducts in primary biliary cirrhosis?
a. Mast cells
b. T helper cells
c. Natural killer cells
d. B cells
b. T helper cells
A 62-year-old woman with stomach tumor size 6x6x7cm with histological spindle shape cells and positive for CD117. What is it?
GIST
A 40 y/o woman with epigastric pain for 3 months, GI endoscopy of the anterior wall showed
ulcer in the first part of the duodenum what is the most likely pathogen?
a. H pylori
b. Acanthus
c. Herpes simplex
a. H pylori
Which of the following is the oncogene most commonly mutated in sporadic colorectal
carcinoma?
a. P53
b. K-ras
c. C-kit
d. C-myc
b. K-ras
Which mutations of tumor suppressor genes are found in both sporadic and familial CRC?
a. APC and P53
b. K-RAS and SMAD4
a. APC and P53
Loss of rugae, thick stomach wall, and signet cells?
Poorly differentiated diffuse gastric carcinoma
A polyp was found on colonoscopy. On histology, it was star shaped with no dysplasia. What is
it?
a. Inflammatory polyp
b. Hyperplastic polyp
c. Sessile adenoma
d. Tubular adenoma
b. Hyperplastic polyp
A patient with past history of ulcerative colitis presents with ….. on radiological examination, the colon is enlarged so colectomy was carried out. A biopsy is taken and seen under the microscope. What is the greatest evidence that this is ulcerative colitis?
a. Perforation
b. Inflammation limited to mucosa and submucosa
c. Non caseating granulomas
b. Inflammation limited to mucosa and submucosa
Female with a mass, Positive for CD20 and on histology shows lymphocytes
a. Follicular gastritis
b. Gastric carcinoid
c. MALT lymphoma
c. MALT lymphoma
Female taking NSAIDS for her osteoarthritis. Biopsy of stomach will show:
reactive gastritis with minimal inflammation
When do all of the clinical manifestations in typhoid fever begin?
a. After penetration of the mesenteric lymph nodes
b. After penetration of the ileal mucosa
b. After penetration of the ileal mucosa