2010 Flashcards
C
C
D
B
B
B
B
B
E
C
A
C
- Statement below is true about CSF, except
A.In healthy adult, total volume is 150 cc
B.Formation rate is about 0,3 cc/minute
C.The absorption is volume dependent
D.In the spine, primary produced in the dura of the nerve root
E.In the cranium, produced from choroid plexus of ventricle
C
A
C
D
C
- The cavernosus sinus and its lateral wall contain all of the following structures except the :
A.Carotid siphon
B.CN. 3, 4, 6
C.Nervus oftalmikus dan maksilaris
D.Nervus optikus
E.Postganglionic simpatik fibers
D
- All of the following statements concerning astrocytes are correct except :
A.They possess many processes
B.They are found in both white and gray matter
C.They are considered to be the scavenger cells of the CNS
D.They have perivascular end feet
E.In damaged brain tissue, astrocytes form glial scars
C
B
B
- Stimulation of caudal paramedian pontine reticular formation will result this response
A.Conjugate horizontal deviation to opposite side
B.Vertical conjugates
C.No response
D.Conjugate horizontal deviation to same side
E.Nystagmus less than 5 minutes
D
A
B
C
C
C
C
- The thalamus is fed by
A.Medial posterior choroidal artery and anterior choroidal artery
B.Medial posterior choroidal artery and superior cerebellar artery (SCA)
C.Anterior choroidal artery and middle cerebral artery
D.Middle cerebral artery only
E.Medial posterior choroidal artery and PICA
A
- Medial longitudinal Fasciculus is descending fibers may arise from this structure below, except :
A.Superior colliculus and pontine reticular formation
B.Pontine reticular formation and interstitial nucleus of Cajal
C.Edinger westhpal nuclei and inferior colliculus
D.Medial vestibular nucleus
E.Interstitial nucleus of Cajal
C
B
E
A
E
D
C
B
C
A
A
D
E
Small peripheral myelinated fibers of this pathway synapse in the substantia gelatinosa of the dosrsal horn
I
These fibers pass through the superior cerebellar peduncle
J
This tract arises from Dieter’s nucleus
F
Conscious proprioception from the legs is mainly transmitted in this tract
B
Carries fibers from medial and inferior vestibular nuclei, tectospinal tract, and interstitial nucleus of Cajal
G
Fibers from this tract originate from layer V of the cerebral cortex
C
Carries fibers that ascend to either the thalamus, periaqueductal gray, reticular formation, or superior colliculus
I
Uncrossed pyramidal fibers mainly supplying the axial musculature
H
C
- All of the following statements concerning the trigeminal nerve are correct, except :
A.It is the nerve of the first branchial arch (mandibular)
B.It contains only GSA and SVE fibers
C.It innervates the stapedius muscle
D.It innervates the dura of the anterior and middle cranial fossae
E.It mediates the afferent limb of the corneal reflex
C
B
A
A
C
C
C
B
- All of the following are true about phenytoin, except that it :
A.Is highly bound to plasma proteins
B.Is mainly excreted unchanged in the urine
C.Has dose-dependent elimination kinetics
D.Is effective in grand mal seizures
E.Induces the metabolism of certain drugs
B
- What is the most likely explanation for the patient’s current prolactine level
A.Stalk effect
B.The macroadenoma no longer synthesizes prolactine
C.Hook effect
D.Prior bromocriptine therapy favored the growth of non-hormone-producing neoplastic pituitary cells (null-cell adenoma)
None of the above
C
C
C
C
A.The coagulopathy should be corrected and the child observed
B.This is a problem of septic shock. A limbar puncture should be performed to assess the efficacy of the antibiotics being given
C.Percutaneous needle aspiration of the scalp hematoma
D.Sepsis is the underlying problem in this case. The risk of anesthesia and surgical exploration of the scalp is prohibitive continue intravenous antibiotics
E.While the coagulopathy is being corrected, the child should be treated surgically with debridement of the scalp wound and exploration of the fracture site and underlying dura
E
C
D
D
D
D
D
A.Detailed sensory examination
B.Oblique views of the cervical spine to assess foraminal narrowing
C.Electromyography/ nerve conduction velocity studies of the upper and lower extremities
D.Urodynamic studies and assessment of sphincter tone
E.Examination of the tongue
B
C
B
D
D
D
E
A
B
B
C
A
D
D
A
D
E
A
Injury of the median nerve at the level of the elbow
B
Injury of the ulnar nerve at the elbow
A
A
Anterior interosseous nerve injury
C
Klumke’s paralysis
D
C8 root lesion
C
A
A
D
B
A
D
A.CNS toxoplasmosis occur late in the course of HIV infection and usually when CD4 counts less than 200 cells/mm3
B.The differential diagnosis includes toxoplasmosis, lymphoma, cryptococcal abscess, and metastatic carcinoma
C.Stereotactic biopsy is not indicated because a definitive diagnosis will not alter the patient’s outcome
D.A diagnosis of toxoplasmosis can be made on a biopsy even if tachyzoites are not identified
E.The risk of transmission of HIV from the patient to the surgeon and surgical team can be reduced by the use of universal precautions and double gloving
C
C
D
B
C
B
D
E
A. Extension grade A, Invasion grade II
B. Extension grade D, Invasion grade IV
C. Extension grade C, Invasion grade III
D. Extension grade C, Invasion grade IV
E. Extension grade B, Invasion grade III
E
B
A
A.Surgery, with definitive removal of the entire AVM
B.Embolization, followed by surgery
C.Embolization only, with follow up angiography
D.No teratment, the risk of hemorrhage is low and surgical removal of the lesion carries significant risk
E.Stereotactic radiation
E
A.Cerebellar venous angioma have a greater tendency to bleed than those occuring in the cerebral hemispheres
B.There is a 6% chance of recurrent from this lesion during the first year
C.Angiographic appearance of the angioma is key in deciding the approach to treatment
D.This cerebellar venous angioma does not need surgical treatment
E.If this lesion extended into the brainstem, gamma knife radiosurgery might be the best option
D
C
Linear or horse shoe incision with subtemporal and anterior petrosectomy
F
Linear incision with suboccipital craniotomy
G
Linear incision with retrosigmoid craniotomy
E
Linear curved or horse shoe incision with frontal craniotomy
A
Linear , reverse question mark or isle of man incision with temporal craniotomy
B
Linear incision with temporal craniotomy
C
Linear Or horse shoe incision with parietal craniotomy
D
C
