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Horse Bowl Questions > 2008 Eastern National Questions > Flashcards

2008 Eastern National Questions Flashcards

0
Q

What term is described as the amount of air inspired and expired during a normal breath?

A

Tidial volume.

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1
Q

What are the three Rudy were vents that are referred to as the “rough stock events”?

A

Bareback riding, Saddlebronc riding, and bull riding.

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2
Q

In horseshoeing, what is the name of the heavy steel block with a flat, smooth face on which horse shoes are shaped?

A

Anvil.

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3
Q

What is the only draft breed believed to have had an infusion of Arab and Barb ancestry?

A

The Percheron.

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4
Q

When traveling long distances horses should be offered water every 3 to 4 hours. Due to safety concerns, it is recommended that horses be unloaded, exercised, and allowed time to eat and drink after how many hours?

A

After 18 hours.

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5
Q

Mares are classified by their breeding status. What classification is a mare that is not pregnant and not bred in the previous or current season?

A

Open.

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6
Q

Horses responded differently to an unfamiliar object. What is the difference between a horse that shies and a horse that jibs to avoid an unfamiliar object?

A

A horse that shies, swerves (moves sideways) to avoid the object and a horse that jibs stops, refusing to go farther and backs away.

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7
Q

When fluorescent dye is applied to the surface of the eye it will indicate if there is damage to what structure of the eye?

A

Cornea.

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8
Q

When comparing the Crossbuck and Decker saddles, which is best suited for hanging panniers and is usually rigged for a double cinch?

A

Crossbuck.

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9
Q

Vaulting is judged on teamwork and how well the human and equestrian athletes work together. Similar to Olympic ice skating competitions the individual or teams will be scored on two different types of performance. Name the two areas that are scored.

A

Compulsory moves and freestyle routines.

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10
Q

What toxic substance can be produced in Johnson grass that may cause death of horses when ingested?

A

Cyanide.

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11
Q

What type of stirrup allows easier release of the foot should rider fall from the saddle?

A

“Breakaway” stirrup (also except Peacock, foot free safety, and kwick out stirrups).

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12
Q

This game originated in Russia. The riders wear fencing masks and carry swords. The game is Abats Le Sultan. What is the object of the game?

A

To cut the feathers on the masks with the winner being the only rider with feathers remaining.

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13
Q

Name the two color genes that are lethal when homozygous dominant.

A

Lethal dominant white (W) (may accept white).

Lethal dominant roan (Rn)(may accept roan) (do not except Overo. Overo Lethal White Syndrome is homozygous recessive).

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14
Q

Give four advantages of using a complete pelleted feed.

A

Decreased feed waste, easier to transport, economy of space in storage, reduced dust, better feed efficiency, beneficial for horse with poor teeth, decreased colic in older horses – bad teeth or fail to chew, contains all vitamins, minerals, and supplements – no loss.

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15
Q

What is the common name for the apocrine tubular glands of the horse?

A

The Sweat glands.

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16
Q

What is the difference between a narrow spectrum and a broad-spectrum antibiotic?

A

Narrow spectrum is effective against only a limited number of organisms and a broad spectrum has a wide range of effectiveness.

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17
Q

What type of activity is being described? This type of conditioning increases both speed and endurance. The program improves respiration, circulation, and removal of waste products. The horse is alternately subjected to periods of exercise and periods of rest.

A

Interval training.

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18
Q

What is the name for the terminal or distal portion of the small intestine?

A

Ileum.

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19
Q

What term describes when the rail or top element of a jump is dislodged by the horse during a jump?

A

Knockdown (also excepts “rail down”).

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20
Q

Which type of encephalomyelitis can be transmitted horse to horse?

A

Venezuelan.

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21
Q

What is the proper name for the procedure that is used in the treatment of sarcoid lesions and results in the destruction of tissue by the application of extreme cold?

A

Cryosurgery.

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22
Q

Pulmonary edema, pulmonary hemorrhage, and pneumonia are an accumulation of fluid in the lungs. Give three specific ways they differ.

A

Pneumonia is from an infectious pulmonary problem. Pulmonary Edema is not infectious and is due to a cardiovascular problem. Pulmonary hemorrhage is bleeding from the respiratory tract.

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23
Q

What farrier tool is used for cutting hot metals?

A

Hardy.

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24
Q

What is the slang term for the hobbles used on pacers to prevent them from breaking into a trot or gallop?

A

“Indiana pants.”

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25
Q

An abscess may open and drain on it’s own. What simple treatment can you do to encourage the abscess to dry up and heal?

A

Soak the foot (Epsom salts or iodine solution)(also accept hoof pack or pack the good with a substance such as Animalintex, Ichthammol, etc.)

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26
Q

What group of American Indians were responsible for the development of the Chickasaw horse?

A

The Indians from the Southeast (Georgia) area (Chickasaw tribe).

27
Q

Erosion on your pastures is affected by what four environmental or topographical factors?

A

Soil type, slope of the land, amount of rain or snow fall (precipitation), vegetative cover.

28
Q

What medication is being described? This is a synthetic progestin compound that does not interact with the mare’s natural progesterone. It is the medication most often used to regulate estrus activity early in the breeding season, to keep mares out of estrus and to help maintain early pregnancy.

A

Regumate (Altrenogost).

29
Q

Give four reasons why you would elect to place horseshoes on your horse.

A

Horse worked on hard or abrasive surfaces (prevent discomfort or excessive wear), correct faulty who structure, required for therapeutic treatment of a problem, assist in correcting or modifying a gate, traction.

30
Q

During a cutting horse competition, when does the rider lift the reins and signal the horse to “quit the cow”?

A

When the cow turns away or gives up its effort to return to the herd.

31
Q

Marquisa (Marquis)(Ponazuril) and Navigatora (Navigator)(Nitazoxanide) are used in the treatment of what equine disease?

A

EPM (Equine Protozoal Myeloenphalitis).

32
Q

The foxglove plant can be toxic to the horse when consumed in the field, but it can also be used to derive a medication called digitalis. Digitalis would be used to treat disorders and what specific organ in the body?

A

Heart.

33
Q

Where would you find the points on the upper and lower cheek teeth of a mature horse?

A

Upper cheek teeth – outside.

Lower cheek teeth – inside.

34
Q

On what type of land is it suitable to spread manure that is not been composted?

A

Cropland, or other ungrazed, vegetated areas.

35
Q

Your horse just sustained a laceration to the leg and is bleeding profusely. Your veterinarian has been contacted and is coming. What are the two most important things you must do prior to the arrival of your veterinarian?

A

Control the bleeding, keep the wound clean.

36
Q

What is dermatophytosis?

A

Ringworm (also accept “girth itch”).

37
Q

The angle of the slope of the shoulder is essential to the overall balance of the horse. As the slope of the shoulder becomes straighter, what effect does this have on the length of the back?

A

The back gets longer – the top line becomes longer.

38
Q

During pregnancy what structure in the mare protects the fetus from contamination and infection by serving as a barrier between the vagina in the body of the uterus?

A

The cervix.

39
Q

What term is used to describe deciduous teeth that are still attached to erupted permanent teeth, and which may need to be extracted?

A

Caps.

40
Q

What is the term for the mucous membrane that lines the inside of the eyelid?

A

Conjunctiva.

41
Q

What is the name of the major muscle that raises and lowers the scrotum?

A

Cremaster.

42
Q

All horses carry the genotype for one of two colors. Other genes will modify or mask the expression of these colors. Name these two colors.

A

Black and chestnut.

43
Q

Correctly identify each of these four types of jumps from the following descriptions: 1. A jump made of shrubs and brush with a clearly visible bar. 2. A drop jump that is a solid earthen ramp or wall. 3. A spread obstacle consisting of a sunken trough of water. 4. An obstacle that is wide rather than high.

A

Brush; bank; water jump; spread jump.

44
Q

Approximately how much blood does a 1000 lb. adult horse have?

A

13.2 gallons or 50 liters (accept 13 gallons).

45
Q

What are four ways that streams and river banks can be protected form trampling, destruction of vegetation and contamination?

A

Fence of streams and river banks, do not allow horses to graze near the edges of streams or rivers, use trees or shrubs as natural buffers, use electric fencing to control access to streams or rivers, use gravity flow or pumped water to fill watering tanks instead of using rivers of streams as an accessible water source, do not spray pesticides or herbicides near the stream, never dump pesticides into storm drains, septic tanks or sewers, rinse pesticide containers out and use the rinse water before properly disposing of the containers.

46
Q

You are using a double-rigged crossbuck pack saddle on your horse. Why would you choose to use a double-rigged cinch for your horse and how is it different from using a standard front and back cinch?

A

Eliminates the problem of the back cinch sliding back and causing the horse discomfort and helps eliminate sores.

47
Q

Name five clinical signs of Tetanus.

A

Hyper-responsiveness to touch, light, or sound; prolapse of the third eyelid; hair or neck stiffness; fever; high pulse and respirations; erect ears and tail; locked jaw (trismus); flared nostrils; muscle spasms; sweating; convulsions; depression; respiratory or cardiac arrest.

48
Q

How often should a manure pile be turned for aeration for optimum composting?

A

Every ten days.

49
Q

What is the breed association for the Trottingbred?

A

The International Trotting and Pacing Association.

50
Q

What is the name for the protein in blood that is essential for blood clotting?

A

Fibrinogen (also accept fibrin).

51
Q

What type of bridle is often made of stiff lariat rope and is used in leading and unruly horses by exerting pressure on the poll. It is sometimes called a “come-along”.

A

War bridle.

52
Q

The veterinarian on called the equine hospital as requested sodium nitrate and sodium thiosulfate to treat a horse that ingested a toxic plant.

  1. What specific type of sudden-death poisoning is this horse most likely being treated for?
  2. Other than death, give two symptoms of this type of plant poisoning.
  3. Identify one plant that would cause it.
A
  1. Cyanide induced sudden-death.
  2. Cherry red venous blood; rapid labored breathing; frothing at the mouth, dilated pupils, and incoordination, muscle tremors, convulsions, dark red or cyanosis mucous membranes.
  3. Johnson grass; Elderberry; Serviceberry or Saskatoon berry; Wild blue flax; chokecherry; Sudan grass or broom or kafir corn; arrow, pod, or goose grass; sorghum grasses; Pin Cherry; wild black cherry.
53
Q

Pulmonary emphysema is a result of rupture of the alveoli in the lungs. There are two other types of emphysema due to the abnormal presence of air in body tissues. What term refers to the type of emphysema when the air is under the skin and what term refers to when the air is due to bacterial gas production?

A

Subcutaneous (under the skin) and gangrenous (bacteria gas).

54
Q

What is the correct terminology for summer sores?

A

Dermatitis granulose.

55
Q

A horse that consumes arsenic will present with clinical signs of shock, colic, trembling, hypersalivation, and death within one to three days. What would be a possible source for the arsenic?

A

Pesticides in feeds or paint.

56
Q

Justin Morgan was the foundation sire for the Morgan breed. His ability to pass his breed type on to his offspring regardless of the type of mare he was bred to would be referred to by what genetic term?

A

Prepotent.

57
Q

Give two examples of “flat bones”.

A

Skull and ribs.

58
Q

What mineral deficiency results in a deficiency of Vitamin B12?

A

Cobalt.

59
Q

The heart, trachea, and esophagus are located in what specific area of the chest?

A

Mediastinum.

60
Q

Name one of the two goals of a horse facility’s water quality management plan?

A

To reduce runoff and protect groundwater.

61
Q

Give three reasons why you would choose to use recycled newsprint as bedding over straw or wood shavings and why each of these reasons would be an advantage.

A

Newsprint is pollen free – benefit to horse owners with allergies; newsprint has less dust - benefit to horses with respiratory condition; newsprint is lighter in weight – easier to handle and clean; newsprint is more absorbency – keep stall dryer longer and may not need changing as often.

62
Q

To protect water sources from manure runoff, manure should be incorporated into the soil as soon as possible after spreading. Water sources will also be protected if manure is spread at least how many feet away from the water source?

A

At least 150 feet from the water source.

63
Q

You are judging a reining class. When scoring this class you are aware that each horse automatically begins the pattern with a score of 70. For each maneuver the horse will receive two scores. What are the two areas that are scored?

A

Maneuver scores and penalties.

64
Q

Name two types of bacteria or protozoa that may be transmitted in horse manure?

A

E. Coli; Giardia; Salmonella.

Horse Bowl Questions (9 decks)

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