2.0 Networking - sections 12, 13 Flashcards
DSL and ISP
(ISP)Internet Service Provider. (DSL)Dial-up internet oldest type of WAN(Wide Area Network).
Three types of Digital Subscriber Line(DSL)
Asymmetric DSL(ADSL), Symmetric DSL(SDSL), Very High Bit-rate DSL(VDSL).
Asymmetric DSL(ADSL)
Has different speeds of download and upload. Maximizes download - minimizes uploads.
Symmetric DSL(SDSL)
Has equal speeds of download and upload.
Very High Bit-Rate DSL(VDSL)
Has high speeds of download and upload. 50Mbps download, 10Mbps upload.
Fiber Connections
Fiber to the Curb(FTTC), Fiber To The Premises(FTTP).
Fiber to the Curb(FTTC)
Runs a fiber optic cable from an internet provider access point to curb.
Fiber To The Premises(FTTP)
Fiber Optic that connects directly to a building and connects to an optical network terminal(ONT: Physcial devices that convert optical signals to electrical signals)
What does the “G” in 5G mean
Refers to the generation of cellular technology being used.
What is LTE
Long-Term Evolution that came out with 4G, and has speeds of 100Mbps. Then came LTE-A speed was 1Gbps.
the three 5G bands
Low-band, Mid-band, High-band
Low-band 5G
Lowest 5G band, has longer range. 600-850 MHz, 30-250 Mbps.
Mid-band 5G
Most Common 5G band. 2.5-3.7GHz, 100-900Mbps.
High-band 5G
highest 5G band, 25-39 GHz, 1Gbps
WISP Connections
Uses microwave beams of radio waves in the microwave frequency range to transmit information between two fixed locations
Satellite Connections
A method of using communication satellites located in space to connect a user to the internet. Seen on rural homes in the country.
What is TCP/IP
Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol. A set of standardized protocol/or layers used to interconnect network devices on the internet.
What are the TCP/IP protocols/layers
Link/Network Interface Layer, Internet Layer, Transport Layer, Application layer.
Link/Network Interface Layer of TCP/IP
Lowest layer of TCP/IP. Puts fames in the physical network’s transmission media. Data can only travel through the local area network.
Internet Layer of TCP/IP
Second Layer of TCP/IP. Used to address packets and route them access the network.
Transport Layer of TCP/IP
Third Layer of TCP/IP. Shows how to send the packets.
Application Layer of TCP/IP
Fourth and top layer of TCP/IP. Contains all the protocols that perform higher-level functions. And performs the function e.g. sending an email, file transfer.
The two types of Transport Lays in TCP/IP
Transmission Control Protocol(TCP)guaranteed delivery of data. User Datagram Protocol(UDP)connectionless protocol faster, data delivery not guaranteed.
IPv4
Internet Protocol Version 4(IPv4): IPv4 is the most common type of IP addressing used in our networks today, 4.2 billion addresses.
IPv4 classes
Highest amount of possible host to lowest. Classes A, B, C, D, and E.
Multicast Address IPv4
A logical Identifier for a group of hosts in a computer network.
Classful Mask
Default subnet mask for a given class of IP addresses.
255.255.255.0 for class C
CIDR
Classless Internet-Domain Routing(CIDR): Allows for borrowing some of the host bits and reassigning them to the network portion.
The Two Types of IPv4 Addresses
Public(Routable), Private(Non-Routable)
Public IPv4 addresses
Public(Routable) IPv4: Can be accessed over the internet and is assigned to the network by an internet service provider.
Private IPv4 addresses
Private(Non-Routable) IPv4: Can be used by anyone any time, but only within their own local area network. Start with 10, 172(172.16 - 172.31), 192
NAT
Network Addresssing Translation(NAT): Allows for routing of private IPs through a public IP.
Loopback IPS
Loopback: A specialized IP that creates a loopback to the host and is often used in troublshooting and testing network protocols on a system.
APIPA
Automatic Private IP Address(APIPA): Used when a device does not have a static IP address or cannot reach a DHCP server. Always starts with 169.254, range 169.254.0.0 to 169.254.255.255
Static Assignment of IPv4
Static Assignment: Manually type the IP address for the host, its subnet mask, default gateway, and DNS server. Is impratical to use on a large corporate/enterprise network.
Dynamic Assignment of IPv4
Dynamic Assignment: Dynamic allocation of IP addresses