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BDS2 BAMS Immunology > 2. Transmission of Infection > Flashcards

2. Transmission of Infection Flashcards

1
Q

Basic chain of infection (6)

A 
Infectious agent
Reservoir
Portal of exit
Means of transmission
Portal of entry
Susceptible host
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2
Q

Definition of virulence

A

Ability of the microbe to cause disease

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3
Q

Definition of dose

A

Number of microbes entering the body

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4
Q

Types of virulence factors (2)

A

Exotoxins

Endotoxins

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5
Q

Definition of infectious dose

A

Dose required to cause infections (ID50)

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6
Q

Definition of incubation period

A

Time between contamination and development of symptoms

Varies widely for different infections

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7
Q

Longer incubation periods permit (2)

A

Longer time period when infecting microbe may be spread to others
Greater spread of disease due to more human contact

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8
Q

Definition of asymptomatic carrier

A

Infected person with no clinical evidence of disease (although signs and symptoms may have been evidence earlier)

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9
Q

Definition of colonisation

A

Presence of micro-organisms in/on a host, with growth and multiplication, but without any overt clinical expression at the time of isolation

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10
Q

Modes of microbe escape (2)

A

Natural (cough, sneeze)

Artificial (blood donation)

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11
Q

Composition of influenza

A

RNA virus with segmented genome

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12
Q

Types of influenza (3)

A

Type A
Type B
Type C

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13
Q

Surface glycoproteins found on influenza type A and B (2)

A

Haemagglutinin H1-15

Neuraminidase N1-9

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14
Q

What do influenza type A and B cause

A

Major outbreaks

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15
Q

Incubation period for influenza

A

2-3 days

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16
Q

Rhinovirus portals of entry (4)

A

Respiration (aerosols)
Inhalation (all particles)
Direct contact (droplets)
Indirect contact (settled particles)

17
Q

Rhinovirus susceptible hosts (6)

A 
Those with complicated infections
Unvaccinated
Elderly
Young children
Pregnant women
Chronic medical condition sufferers (diabetes, asthma, heart disease)
18
Q

Function of the influenza virus (2)

A

Break chain of infection

Prevent transmission of influenza virus

BDS2 BAMS Immunology (10 decks)

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